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A bronchopulmonary segment is a portion of lung supplied by a specific segmental bronchus and its vessels. [1] [2] These arteries branch from the pulmonary and bronchial arteries, and run together through the center of the segment. Veins and lymphatic vessels drain along the edges of the segment.
The most common benign coin lesion is a granuloma (inflammatory nodule), for example due to tuberculosis or a fungal infection, such as Coccidioidomycosis. [6] Other infectious causes include a lung abscess, pneumonia (including pneumocystis pneumonia) or rarely nocardial infection or worm infection (such as dirofilariasis or dog heartworm ...
leg length discrepancy: LLE: left lower extremity: LLETZ: large loop excision of the transformation zone: LLL: left lower lobe LLQ: left lower quadrant: LM: left main LMA: left mentoanterior (fetal position) laryngeal mask airway LMCA: left main coronary artery: LMD: local medical doctor: LMP: last menstrual period—first day of the menstrual ...
Percussion is performed in a systematic matter, from the upper chest to the lower ribs, and resonance is compared between the left and right sides of the chest. This is done from the front and back of the thorax. [14] Percussion over different body tissues results in five common "notes". [14] Resonance: Loud and low pitched. Normal lung sound. [15]
Subcutaneous emphysema can be caused by medical procedures and medical conditions that cause the pressure in the alveoli of the lung to be higher than that in the tissues outside of them. [4] Its most common causes are pneumothorax or a chest tube that has become occluded by a blood clot or fibrinous material.
A lung nodule is a discrete opacity in the lung which may be caused by: Neoplasm: benign or malignant; Granuloma: tuberculosis; Infection: round pneumonia; Vascular: infarct, varix, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, rheumatoid arthritis; There are a number of features that are helpful in suggesting the diagnosis: rate of growth
"Organizing" refers to unresolved pneumonia (in which the alveolar exudate persists and eventually undergoes fibrosis) in which fibrous tissue forms in the alveoli.The phase of resolution and/or remodeling following bacterial infections is commonly referred to as organizing pneumonia, both clinically and pathologically.
Lung cancer staging is the assessment of the extent to which a lung cancer has spread from its original source. As with most cancers, staging is an important determinant of treatment and prognosis .