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Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (hereafter referred to as LC3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAP1LC3B gene. [5] LC3 is a central protein in the autophagy pathway where it functions in autophagy substrate selection and autophagosome biogenesis. LC3 is the most widely used marker of autophagosomes. [6]
LC3 cleavage is required for the terminal fusion of an autophagosome with its target membrane. LC3 is commonly used as a marker of autophagosomes in immunocytochemistry , because it is the essential part of the vesicle and stays associated until the last moment before its fusion.
The completed autophagosome then fuses with a lysosome through the actions of multiple proteins, including SNAREs [72] [73] and UVRAG. [74] Following the fusion LC3 is retained on the vesicle's inner side and degraded along with the cargo, while the LC3 molecules attached to the outer side are cleaved off by Atg4 and recycled. [75]
In molecular biology, autophagy related 3 (Atg3) is the E2 enzyme for the LC3 lipidation process. [1] It is essential for autophagy. The super protein complex, the Atg16L complex, consists of multiple Atg12-Atg5 conjugates. Atg16L has an E3-like role in the LC3 lipidation reaction.
66734 Ensembl ENSG00000101460 ENSMUSG00000027602 UniProt Q9H492 Q91VR7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_032514 NM_181509 NM_025735 RefSeq (protein) NP_115903 NP_852610 NP_080011 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 34.55 – 34.56 Mb Chr 2: 155.12 – 155.12 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAP1LC3A ...
The transient conjugation of Atg8 to the membrane lipid phosphatidylethanolamine is essential for phagophore expansion as its mutation leads to defects in autophagosome formation. [9] It is distributed symmetrically on both sides of the autophagosome and it is assumed that there is a quantitative correlation between the amount of Atg8 and the ...
Lipid metabolism disorders (including inborn errors of lipid metabolism) are illnesses where trouble occurs in breaking down or synthesizing fats (or fat-like substances). [22] Lipid metabolism disorders are associated with an increase in the concentrations of plasma lipids in the blood such as LDL cholesterol , VLDL , and triglycerides which ...
With the help of ATG7 and ATG3, the ATG12-ATG5:ATG16L complex conjugates the C terminus of LC3-I to phosphatidylethanolamine in the phospholipid bilayer, allowing LC3 to associate with the membranes of the phagophore, becoming LC3-II. After formation of the autophagosome, the ATG12-ATG5:ATG16L complex dissociates from the autophagosome. [12 ...