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The Square Peristyle is the modern name for a structure on the east side of the Ancient Agora of Athens, which was among the largest peristyles built in Classical Greece. Construction began around 300 BC, but was abandoned ca. 285-275 BC, leaving the structure unfinished.
Reconstruction of a Roman peristyle surrounding a courtyard in Pompeii, Italy. In ancient Greek [1] and Roman architecture, [2] a peristyle (/ ˈ p ɛr ɪ ˌ s t aɪ l /; Ancient Greek: περίστυλον, romanized: perístulon) [3] [4] is a continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building or a courtyard.
The structures of the South Square incorporated building material from the Square Peristyle, a structure in the northeast corner of the Agora which was demolished in the early second century BC. None of this material was used in the Middle Stoa, some was used in the East Building, and a lot was used in South Stoa II.
The Square Peristyle was a law court originally located under the northern end of the Stoa of Attalos. A collection of buildings were added to the south-east corner: the East stoa, the Library of Pantainos, the Nymphaeum and a temple.
The Roman Agora has not today been fully excavated, but is known to have been an open space surrounded by a peristyle. To its south was a fountain. To its south was a fountain. To its west, behind a marble colonnade, were shops and a Doric propylon (entrance), the Gate of Athena Archegetis .
The square was intended to serve as an exhibit space for outdoor sculpture as well as small cultural performances, according to Christopher Perille, vice president of the Wrigley Square Foundation. [9] The square's peristyle monument is in remembrance of the corporation, foundations, and individuals who made Millennium Park possible. [9]
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The space enclosed may be covered or open. In St. Peter's Square in Rome, Bernini's great colonnade encloses a vast open elliptical space. When in front of a building, screening the door (Latin porta), it is called a portico. When enclosing an open court, a peristyle.