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The L5-S1 spinal motion segment, also called the lumbosacral joint, is the transition region between the lumbar spine and sacral spine in the lower back. In this region, the curvature of the spine changes from lumbar lordosis (forward curve) to sacral kyphosis (backward curve). L5-S1 helps transfer loads from the spine into the pelvis and legs.
What is an L5-S1 disc bulge? L5-S1 is the lowest bone of the spine and when it bears the excessive load, additional pressure is put on the vertebrae, which causes bulging of the disc in the L5-S1 region.
Protrusions usually place a disc at a higher risk for rupturing completely. Types – Focal protrusion affects less than 25 percent of the disc’s circumference, while a broad-based protrusion can account for 25 to 50 percent of the circumference.
His MRI revealed a very large disc extrusion at L5/S1, which was measured by the radiologist (Fig. 1A & 1B). The dimensions were 12 mm transverse x 10 mm AP x 16 mm craniocaudal. There was left S1 nerve root impingement and mild indentation of the left anterolateral thecal sac.
MRI demonstrated a broad-based disk protrusion that was eccentric to the left and was compressing the thecal sack and the nerve root at L4-5 on that side (Figure 2). The disk was dark, revealing desiccation, but maintained good overall height.
Left paracentral disc extrusion, a specific form of herniated disc, poses unique challenges due to its position in the spinal column. This condition, if not addressed properly, can significantly affect the spine's integrity and an individual's overall well-being.
However, if the disc protrudes into the spinal canal and puts pressure on an adjacent nerve, debilitating symptoms can develop. Common symptoms of lumbar disc protrusion include: Chronic low back pain. Pain, numbness and tingling in the legs, feet and toes. Back stiffness or soreness.
There are many available options for disc protrusion treatment, depending on the location (upper or lower back) and severity (mild to extreme) of the damaged disc and the symptoms you are experiencing.
Conditions affecting the L5-S1 spinal motion segment are usually treated with nonsurgical methods. If the lower back and/or leg symptoms worsen or do not improve despite these treatments, or in case of certain medical emergencies, such as tumors or cauda equina syndrome, surgery may be recommended.
A foraminal disc protrusion is a degenerative spine condition that occurs when a disc weakens and bulges past its normal boundaries in the spinal column. The displaced disc material becomes situated in such a way that it blocks part or all of a foramina.