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The motor cortex is a region of the cerebral cortex involved in planning, controlling and execution of voluntary movements. It is an area of the frontal lobe located anterior to the central sulcus.
The primary motor cortex is located in the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe. The primary motor cortex receives input from several areas that aid in planning movement, and its principle output stimulates spinal cord neurons to stimulate skeletal muscle contraction.
The motor cortex is an area within the brain's cerebral cortex involved in the planning, control, and execution of voluntary movements. It is located in the frontal lobe and works with other brain areas and the spinal cord to translate thought into physical motion.
Primary Motor Cortex. The primary motor cortex is located in the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe. A neurosurgeon, Walter Penfield, described much of the basic understanding of the primary motor cortex by electrically stimulating the surface of the cerebrum.
There is also a corticospinal projection belonging to the medial component of the somatic motor system. It originates in the trunk, back, and neck representations of the primary motor and premotor cortex and descends bilaterally through the medial part of the ventral funiculus (Fig. 36.7, right).
Cortical afferents to the frontal motor cortex arise from 3 sources: the parietal somatosensory cortex, the prefrontal cortex, and the cingulate cortex. The parietal-frontal connections represent different sensory-motor circuits.
The basic motor pathway involves the upper motor neurons in the precentral gyrus (primary motor cortex), which sends signals through the corticospinal tract via axons in the spinal cord to the lower motor neurons.
In the somatosensory cortex, the external genitals, feet, and lower legs are represented on the medial face of the gyrus within the longitudinal fissure. As the gyrus curves out of the fissure and along the surface of the parietal lobe, the body map continues through the thighs, hips, trunk, shoulders, arms, and hands.
The primary motor cortex is arranged in a similar fashion to the primary somatosensory cortex, in that it has a topographical map of the body, creating a motor homunculus (see Figure 14.23). The neurons responsible for musculature in the feet and lower legs are in the medial wall of the precentral gyrus, with the thighs, trunk, and shoulder at ...
Here, as part of the collaborative Brain Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN), we derive a comprehensive cell type-based anatomical description of one exemplar brain structure, the mouse primary...