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Fire-retardant materials should not be confused with fire-resistant materials. A fire resistant material is one which is designed to resist burning and withstand heat. An example of a fire-resistant material is one which is used in bunker gear worn by firefighters to protect them from the flames of a burning building.
Fire doors are made from a range of different materials such as timber or steel. Despite not being fire resistant, timber is used as it has a very predictable char rate, depending on the density and the moisture content timber generally has a char rate of 0.5mm per minute for hardwood and 0.7mm per minute for softwood. [5]
The term fire-retardant as applied to organic (i.e., containing carbon) materials, is intended to refer to reduced fire hazard, as all will burn under certain circumstances. The tests used specified in building codes , such as NFPA 701, are more correctly flame resistance tests, which test a fabric's ability to resist ignition with the flame ...
A fire-resistance rating typically means the duration for which a passive fire protection system can withstand a standard fire resistance test. This can be quantified simply as a measure of time, or it may entail other criteria, involving evidence of functionality or fitness for purpose.
EN 16034 is a set of European standards which specify the technical performance characteristics for fire resistant and smoke control products, such as fire doors. Compliance with this standard requires to fulfill the requirements of the Construction Product Regulation [1] for construction products (short CPR).
Typically, their undergarments beneath the heavier fire-resistant gear are made of flame-retardant cotton or another breathable, organic fabric that has been treated to resist ignition. [ 20 ] Polymers containing nitrogen , sodium , and phosphorus atoms can work as materials for fire-resistant cellulosic textiles, such as cotton or rayon .
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