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This is a list of circulating fixed exchange rate currencies, ... Indian rupee: 1.6 ... 24.50 Saudi riyal: U.S. dollar: 3.75 Swazi lilangeni:
This is a list of tables showing the historical timeline of the exchange rate for the Indian rupee (INR) against the special drawing rights unit (SDR), United States dollar (USD), pound sterling (GBP), Deutsche mark (DM), euro (EUR) and Japanese yen (JPY). The rupee was worth one shilling and sixpence in sterling in 1947.
De Facto Classification of Exchange Rate Arrangements, as of April 30, 2021, and Monetary Policy Frameworks [2] Exchange rate arrangement (Number of countries) Exchange rate anchor Monetary aggregate target (25) Inflation Targeting framework (45) Others (43) US Dollar (37) Euro (28) Composite (8) Other (9) No separate legal tender (16) Ecuador ...
In 1966, the Indian rupee was devaluated by 57% against United States dollar, which also led to the depreciation of the sterling. [96] Five years later, when the Bretton Woods system was suspended, India initially announced that it will maintain a fixed rate of $1 to INR 7.50 and leave the sterling under a floating regime. [97]
Combined with the prevailing gold-silver ratio of 15, the standard for gold was calculated at 371/15 = 24.73 grains fine gold or 26.98 grains 22K gold. Rounding the latter to 27.0 grains finalized the dollar's standard to 24.75 grains of fine gold or 24.75 × 15 = 371.25 grains = 24.0566 grams = 0.7735 troy ounces of fine silver.
The future exchange rate is reflected into the forward exchange rate stated today. In our example, the forward exchange rate of the dollar is said to be at a discount because it buys fewer Japanese yen in the forward rate than it does in the spot rate. The yen is said to be at a premium. UIRP showed no proof of working after the 1990s.
[3] [4] The Economic Survey of India in 2014-15 stated India could target foreign exchange reserves of US$750 billion-US$1 Trillion. [5] India's foreign exchange reserves are mainly composed of the United States Dollar in the forms of United States government bonds and institutional bonds. [6] [7] with nearly 7.34% of forex reserves in gold.
The debate of choosing between fixed and floating exchange rate methods is formalized by the Mundell–Fleming model, which argues that an economy (or the government) cannot simultaneously maintain a fixed exchange rate, free capital movement, and an independent monetary policy. It must choose any two for control and leave the other to market ...