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Jean Bernard Léon Foucault (UK: / ʒ ɒ̃ ˈ b ɛər n ɑːr ˌ l eɪ ɒ̃ ˈ f uː k oʊ /, US: / ˌ ʒ ɒ̃ b ɛər ˈ n ɑːr l eɪ ˌ ɒ̃ f uː ˈ k oʊ /; French: [ʒɑ̃ bɛʁnaʁ leɔ̃ fuko]; 18 September 1819 – 11 February 1868) was a French physicist best known for his demonstration of the Foucault pendulum, a device demonstrating the effect of Earth's rotation.
Foucault is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Jean-Pierre Foucault (born 1947), French television host; Jeffrey Foucault (born 1976), American songwriter; Léon Foucault (1819–1868), French physicist; Michel Foucault (1926–1984), French philosopher; Steve Foucault (born 1949), former Major League Baseball pitcher
In Foucault's 1862 experiment, he desired to obtain an accurate absolute value for the speed of light, since his concern was to deduce an improved value for the astronomical unit. [2] [Note 4] At the time, Foucault was working at the Paris Observatory under Urbain le Verrier. It was le Verrier's belief, based on extensive celestial mechanics ...
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Foucault published two papers in 1852, one focused on astronomy with the weight free to move on all three axes (On a new experimental demonstration of the motion of the Earth, based on the fixity of the plane of rotation) [8] and the other on mechanics with the weight free to move on only two axes (On the orientation phenomena of rotating bodies driven by a fixed axis on the Earth's surface.
Jean le Rond D'Alembert; François Dagognet; Étienne Noël Damilaville; Jean Philibert Damiron; Hubert Damisch; Françoise Dastur; Jean Daujat; Lionel Dauriac; David de Dinan; Michel Deguy; Henri Delacroix; Victor Delbos; Gilles Deleuze; Jean-Baptiste-Claude Delisle de Sales; Chantal Delsol; Natalie Depraz; Jacques Derrida; John Theophilus ...
The Foucault pendulum or Foucault's pendulum is a simple device named after French physicist Léon Foucault, conceived as an experiment to demonstrate the Earth's rotation. If a long and heavy pendulum suspended from the high roof above a circular area is monitored over an extended period of time, its plane of oscillation appears to change ...
1943 – Simone Weil starved herself to death (the technical cause of death was tuberculosis, possibly aggravated by malnutrition [11]) 1944 – Jean Cavaillès was shot by the Gestapo. 1944 – Marc Bloch was shot by the Gestapo for his work in the French Resistance. 1944 – Giovanni Gentile was murdered by communist partisans.