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The null coalescing operator is a binary operator that is part of the syntax for a basic conditional expression in several programming languages, such as (in alphabetical order): C# [1] since version 2.0, [2] Dart [3] since version 1.12.0, [4] PHP since version 7.0.0, [5] Perl since version 5.10 as logical defined-or, [6] PowerShell since 7.0.0, [7] and Swift [8] as nil-coalescing operator.
YAML (/ ˈ j æ m əl /, rhymes with camel [4]) was first proposed by Clark Evans in 2001, [15] who designed it together with Ingy döt Net [16] and Oren Ben-Kiki. [16]Originally YAML was said to mean Yet Another Markup Language, [17] because it was released in an era that saw a proliferation of markup languages for presentation and connectivity (HTML, XML, SGML, etc.).
In computer science, the Boolean (sometimes shortened to Bool) is a data type that has one of two possible values (usually denoted true and false) which is intended to represent the two truth values of logic and Boolean algebra. It is named after George Boole, who first defined an algebraic system of logic in the mid 19th century.
Thus every Boolean ring becomes a Boolean algebra. Similarly, every Boolean algebra becomes a Boolean ring thus: xy = x ∧ y, x ⊕ y = (x ∨ y) ∧ ¬(x ∧ y). If a Boolean ring is translated into a Boolean algebra in this way, and then the Boolean algebra is translated into a ring, the result is the original ring.
A Boolean function can be represented as a rooted, directed, acyclic graph, which consists of several (decision) nodes and two terminal nodes. The two terminal nodes are labeled 0 (FALSE) and 1 (TRUE). Each (decision) node is labeled by a Boolean variable and has two child nodes called low child and high child.
There are 2 n+1 symmetric n-ary Boolean functions. Instead of the truth table , traditionally used to represent Boolean functions, one may use a more compact representation for an n -variable symmetric Boolean function: the ( n + 1)-vector, whose i -th entry ( i = 0, ..., n ) is the value of the function on an input vector with i ones.
YAML 1.2 is compatible with 1.1 for most practical applications - this is a minor revision. An expected source of incompatibility with prior versions of YAML, especially the syck implementation, is the change in implicit typing rules.
The Boolean domain {0, 1} can be replaced by the unit interval [0,1], in which case rather than only taking values 0 or 1, any value between and including 0 and 1 can be assumed.