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The Senate and the United States House of Representatives (which is the lower chamber of Congress) comprise the federal bicameral legislature of the United States. Together, the Senate and the House have the authority under Article One of the U.S. Constitution to pass or defeat federal legislation.
Senate rule XXXI governs the Senate process for considering the president's nominations. For most positions, the nomination is passed first to a Senate committee for review. Generally, it is the Senate committee with jurisdiction over the topic or department related to the position to be filled.
Seniority in the United States Senate; List of current members of the United States House of Representatives; List of members of the United States Congress by longevity of service; List of United States Senate committees; List of United States congressional joint committees; Religious affiliation in the United States Senate; Shadow congressperson
Establishes the direct election of United States senators by popular vote. May 13, 1912 April 8, 1913 330 days 18th: Prohibits the manufacturing or sale of alcohol within the United States. (Repealed on December 5, 1933 by the 21st Amendment.) December 18, 1917 January 16, 1919 1 year, 29 days 19th: Grants women the right to vote. June 4, 1919
Though never enforced, clause 2 of the Fourteenth Amendment provides that "when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for president and vice president of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male ...
The United States Constitution establishes the vice president as president of the Senate, with the authority to cast a tie-breaking vote. Early vice presidents took an active role in regularly presiding over proceedings of the body, with the president pro tempore only being called on during the vice president's absence.
During the 106th Congress, the US Senate had a Republican majority. In this Congress, Tim Hutchinson was the most junior senior senator, until Paul Coverdell's death on July 18, 2000, after which Max Cleland was the most junior senior senator. Ernest Hollings was the most senior junior senator.
This is a complete list of members of the United States Senate during the 110th United States Congress listed by seniority, from January 3, 2007, to January 3, 2009. It is meant as a historical listing and thus contains senators who have died or left office (such as Senator Thomas and Senator Lott ).