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  2. Girdling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girdling

    The practice of girdling has been known in Europe for some time. [4] Another example is the girdling of selected Douglas-fir trees in some Northern California oak woodlands, such as Annadel State Park, in order to prevent that Douglas-fir from massive invasion of the mixed oak woodland. [5] Girdling can be used to create standing dead wood, or ...

  3. Bridge graft - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_graft

    This damage is often caused by rodents and lagomorphs, stripping and girdling the tree. The inability to transport sugars causes stored nutrients to deplete, resulting in the plant's death. A bridge graft uses scions to 'bridge' the gap. Each scion is taper cut to match the cambium layers of the scion with those of the tree to which it is being ...

  4. Oncideres cingulata - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncideres_cingulata

    This beetle is widely known for the damage it causes to pecan plantations, but also to lumber trees such as hickory, oak, poplar and elm. In late summer and fall, the adult female girdles small branches, 1 ⁄ 4-to-1 ⁄ 2-inch (6.4 to 12.7 mm) diameter, with its mandibles, cutting through the bark and into the wood. The resulting effect looks ...

  5. Oemona hirta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oemona_hirta

    Trees will have excretion holes measuring 1–3 mm (0.039–0.118 in), with frass visible on the outside. [32] As the larva tunnels through the living branches of young hardwood trees and vines, the stems weaken, dry and break. This reduces the plants health rapidly, or even killing the tree over time if there is a manifestation.

  6. Oncideres - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncideres

    Oncideres albipilosa Noguera, 1993; Oncideres albistillata Dillon & Dillon, 1952; Oncideres albomaculata Dillon & Dillon, 1946; Oncideres albomarginata Thomson, 1868; Oncideres albopicta Martins & Galileo, 1990

  7. Metrosideros robusta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metrosideros_robusta

    Metrosideros robusta, the northern rātā, is a forest tree endemic to New Zealand.It grows up to 25 metres (82 ft) or taller, and usually begins its life as a hemiepiphyte high in the branches of a mature forest tree; over centuries the young tree sends descending and girdling roots down and around the trunk of its host, eventually forming a massive, frequently hollow pseudotrunk composed of ...

  8. Tree shaping methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_shaping_methods

    Instant tree shaping [3] [2] [15] is a widely used method. [3] It uses mature trees, perhaps 6–12 ft. (2–3.5 m) long [5] [4]: 196 and 3-4in (7.6–10 cm) in trunk diameter. [5] [4]: 172 An instantaneous form is created by bending, weaving and sometimes cutting or marking the trees into the desired shape. Then the shaping is held in place ...

  9. Arboriculture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arboriculture

    An arborist practicing tree care: using a chainsaw to fell a eucalyptus tree in a park at Kallista, Victoria.. Arboriculture (/ ˈ ɑːr b ər ɪ ˌ k ʌ l tʃ ər, ɑːr ˈ b ɔːr-/) [1] is the cultivation, management, and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants.