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  2. Bipolar junction transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_junction_transistor

    Because baseemitter voltage varies as the logarithm of the baseemitter and collectoremitter currents, a BJT can also be used to compute logarithms and anti-logarithms. A diode can also perform these nonlinear functions but the transistor provides more circuit flexibility.

  3. Common collector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_collector

    Figure 3: PNP version of the emitter-follower circuit, all polarities are reversed. A small voltage change on the input terminal will be replicated at the output (depending slightly on the transistor's gain and the value of the load resistance; see gain formula below).

  4. Transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor

    A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) has terminals labeled base, collector and emitter. A small current at the base terminal, flowing between the base and the emitter, can control or switch a much larger current between the collector and emitter. A field-effect transistor (FET) has terminals labeled gate, source and drain. A voltage at the gate ...

  5. Open collector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_collector

    For an NPN open emitter output, the collector is connected to the positive voltage rail, so the emitter outputs a high voltage when the transistor is on and is hi-Z when off. For a PNP open emitter output, the collector is connected to the low voltage supply, so the emitter outputs a low voltage when the transistor is on and is hi-Z when off.

  6. Darlington transistor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darlington_transistor

    The output transistor is not allowed to saturate (i.e. its basecollector junction must remain reverse-biased) because the first transistor, when saturated, establishes full (100%) parallel negative feedback between the collector and the base of the second transistor. [3] Since collectoremitter voltage is equal to the sum of its own base ...

  7. Common base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_base

    In this circuit the emitter terminal of the transistor serves as the input, the collector as the output, and the base is connected to ground, or "common", hence its name. The analogous field-effect transistor circuit is the common-gate amplifier.

  8. BC108 family - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BC108_family

    require a base-emitter voltage (V BE(on)) in the range of 0.55 to 0.7 volts for a collector current of 2 mA when the Collector voltage is 5 volts. [ 4 ] Will have a saturation voltage (V CE(sat) ) of at most 0.2 volts (typically 0.07 volts) at a collector current of 10 mA and a base current of 0.5 mA (when the base voltage is typically 0.73 ...

  9. Early effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_effect

    Early, is the variation in the effective width of the base in a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) due to a variation in the applied base-to-collector voltage. A greater reverse bias across the collectorbase junction, for example, increases the collectorbase depletion width, thereby decreasing the width of the charge carrier portion of the ...

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