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  2. Forty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty-Fourth_Amendment_of...

    Clauses 1, 15 and 26 of the Bill were adopted by the Lok Sabha on 22 August with formal amendments to replace the word "Forty-fifth" with the word "Forty-fourth". Clauses 2 to 14, 16 to 20, 23 to 25, 27 to 40 and 42 to 49 were adopted in their original form. Clause 21, 22, and 41 of the bill were adopted by the House with amendments.

  3. List of amendments of the Constitution of India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_amendments_of_the...

    Union of India 1980 SCC (3) 625, quashed the amendments to Articles 31C and 368 as it was in contravention with the basic structure of the Constitution. 43rd: Amend articles 145, 226, 228 and 366. Remove articles 31D, 32A, 131A, 144A, 226A and 228A. [51] 13 April 1978 Amendment passed after revocation of internal emergency in the Country.

  4. Forty-Fourth Amendment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty-Fourth_Amendment_Act...

    Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us

  5. States of emergency in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_emergency_in_India

    It is imposed for an initial period of six months and can last for a maximum period of three years with repeated parliamentary approval every six months. The 42nd amendment act of 1976 extended the initial time duration of President Rule from 6 months to 1 year. Subsequently, 44th CAA 1978 restored the 1-year period back to 6 months.

  6. Fundamental rights in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_rights_in_India

    When the Constitution of India came into force it basically gave seven fundamental rights to its citizens. However, Right to Property was removed as a Fundamental Right through 44th Constitutional Amendment in 1978. In 2009, Right to Education Act was added. Every child between the age of 6 to 14 years is entitled to free education.

  7. A. N. Ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._N._Ray

    After the Emergency was over, the 44th Amendment Act of 1978 protected the fundamental rights under Article 20 and Article 21 from being violated during an Emergency. In 1978-decision in Maneka v. Union of India case, 'due process of law' concept was brought in where deprivation of a person's liberty can't be done by a law which is arbitrary ...

  8. Land acquisition in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_acquisition_in_India

    The Forty-Fourth Amendment of 1978 deleted the right to property from the list of fundamental rights with an introduction of a new provision, Article 300-A, which provided that "no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law" (Constitution 44th Amendment, w.e.f. 10.6.1979).

  9. Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_Rights...

    The Preamble of the Constitution of IndiaIndia declaring itself as a country. The Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties are sections of the Constitution of India that prescribe the fundamental obligations of the states to its citizens and the duties and the rights of the citizens to the State. These sections are considered vital elements of the ...