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  2. Soil pH - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_pH

    Soil pH is a key characteristic that can be used to make informative analysis both qualitative and quantitatively regarding soil characteristics. [ 1 ] pH is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the activity of hydronium ions ( H +

  3. Soil acidification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_acidification

    Soil acidification is the buildup of hydrogen cations, which reduces the soil pH. Chemically, this happens when a proton donor gets added to the soil. The donor can be an acid , such as nitric acid , sulfuric acid , or carbonic acid .

  4. Alkali soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_soil

    Water with excess H 3 O + ions is called acid (pH < 7), and water with excess OH – ions is called alkaline or rather basic (pH > 7). Soil moisture with pH < 4 is called very acid and with pH > 10 very alkaline (basic). H 2 CO 3 (carbonic acid) is unstable and produces H 2 O (water) and CO 2 (carbon dioxide gas, escaping into the atmosphere).

  5. Base-richness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base-richness

    In ecology, base-richness is the level of chemical bases in water or soil, such as calcium or magnesium ions. Many organisms prefer base-rich environments. [1] Chemical bases are alkalis, hence base-rich environments are either neutral or alkaline. Because acid-rich environments have few bases, they are dominated by environmental acids (usually ...

  6. Physical properties of soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_properties_of_soil

    Soil color, while easily discerned, has little use in predicting soil characteristics. [109] It is of use in distinguishing boundaries of horizons within a soil profile, [ 110 ] determining the origin of a soil's parent material , [ 111 ] as an indication of wetness and waterlogged conditions, [ 112 ] and as a qualitative means of measuring ...

  7. Soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil

    The cation exchange, that takes place between colloids and soil water, buffers (moderates) soil pH, alters soil structure, and purifies percolating water by adsorbing cations of all types, both useful and harmful. The negative or positive charges on colloid particles make them able to hold cations or anions, respectively, to their surfaces.

  8. USDA soil taxonomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USDA_soil_taxonomy

    Name of soil orders in soil taxonomy with their major characteristics: Alfisols : Must have argillic, natric, or kandic horizon ; high-to-medium base saturation; moderately weathered; commonly form under boreal or broadleaf forests; rich in iron and aluminum; common in humid areas, semi-tropics, and mediterranean climates; 9.6% of global and 14 ...

  9. Soil chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_chemistry

    Soil chemistry is the study of the chemical characteristics of soil.Soil chemistry is affected by mineral composition, organic matter and environmental factors. In the early 1870s a consulting chemist to the Royal Agricultural Society in England, named J. Thomas Way, performed many experiments on how soils exchange ions, and is considered the father of soil chemistry. [1]

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