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All magnitude scales retain the logarithmic scale as devised by Charles Richter, and are adjusted so the mid-range approximately correlates with the original "Richter" scale. [8] Most magnitude scales are based on measurements of only part of an earthquake's seismic wave-train, and therefore are incomplete.
The Richter scale [1] (/ ˈ r ɪ k t ər /), also called the Richter magnitude scale, Richter's magnitude scale, and the Gutenberg–Richter scale, [2] is a measure of the strength of earthquakes, developed by Charles Richter in collaboration with Beno Gutenberg, and presented in Richter's landmark 1935 paper, where he called it the "magnitude scale". [3]
The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS) measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location. This is in contrast with the seismic magnitude usually reported for an earthquake. Magnitude scales measure the inherent force or strength of an earthquake – an event occurring at greater or lesser depth. (The "M w" scale is ...
Magnitude has replaced it, expressed as "a 4.0 magnitude earthquake." What are earthquake intensity scales? Earthquake intensity is a slightly different number that measures people's on-the-ground ...
Intensity 7 (震度7, Shindo-nana) is the highest level on the JMA seismic intensity scale. At Intensity 7, movement at will is almost impossible, and people may be thrown through the air. [3] The intensity was created following the 1948 Fukui earthquake. It was observed for the first time in the 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake.
Unlike the Richter and moment magnitude scales, it is not a measure of the total energy (magnitude, or size) of an earthquake, but rather of how much the earth shakes at a given geographic point. The Mercalli intensity scale uses personal reports and observations to measure earthquake intensity but PGA is measured by instruments, such as ...
Seismic intensity scales categorize the intensity or severity of ground shaking (quaking) at a given location, such as resulting from an earthquake. They are distinguished from seismic magnitude scales , which measure the magnitude or overall strength of an earthquake, which may, or perhaps may not, cause perceptible shaking.
Seismic Intensity Scale [1] [2] [3] Intensity Level (震度分級) Strong Ground Acceleration (cm/s 2,gal) Ground Speed (cm/s) What People Feel Effects Indoors Effects Outdoors; 0 Undetectable (無感) below 0.8 gal Imperceptible to humans 1 Slight (微震) 0.8-2.5 gal People may feel slight shaking when motionless 2 Weak (輕震) 2.5-8.0 gal