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For 1790 through 1990, tables are taken from the U.S Census Bureau's "Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990." [1] For year 2000 rankings, data from the Census Bureau's tally of "Cities with 100,000 or More Population Ranked by Selected Subject" is used. [2]
Graph of world population over the past 12,000 years . As a general rule, the confidence of estimates on historical world population decreases for the more distant past. Robust population data exist only for the last two or three centuries. Until the late 18th century, few governments had ever performed an accurate census.
The table below shows annual population growth rate history and projections for various areas, countries, regions and sub-regions from various sources for various time periods. The right-most column shows a projection for the time period shown using the medium fertility variant. Preceding columns show actual history.
The national 1 July, mid-year population estimates (usually based on past national censuses) supplied in these tables are given in thousands. The retrospective figures use the present-day names and world political division: for example, the table gives data for each of the 15 republics of the former Soviet Union, as if they had already been independent in 1950.
Historical demography is the quantitative study of human population in the past. It is concerned with population size, with the three basic components of population change (fertility, mortality, and migration), and with population characteristics related to those components, such as marriage, socioeconomic status, and the configuration of families.
A population history of the United States (Cambridge University Press, 2012) excerpt [permanent dead link ] Lahey, Joanna N. "Birthing a Nation: The Effect of Fertility Control Access on the Nineteenth-Century Demographic Transition," Journal of Economic History, 74 (June 2014), 482–508.
As the United States has grown in area and population, new states have been formed out of U.S. territories or the division of existing states. The population figures provided here reflect modern state boundaries. Shaded areas of the tables indicate census years when a territory or the part of another state had not yet been admitted as a new state.
The United Nations estimated an annual population increase of 1.14% for the year of 2000. [12] The current world population growth is approximately 1.09%. [ 5 ] People under 15 years of age made up over a quarter of the world population (25.18%), and people age 65 and over made up nearly ten percent (9.69%) in 2021. [ 5 ]