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  2. Prion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prion

    A prion / ˈ p r iː ɒ n / ⓘ is a misfolded protein that induces misfolding in normal variants of the same protein, leading to cellular death.Prions are responsible for prion diseases, known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSEs), which are fatal and transmissible neurodegenerative diseases affecting both humans and animals.

  3. Marine microorganisms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_microorganisms

    This allows water from the ocean to enter into the crust of the earth where it is heated by the magma. The increasing pressure and temperature forces the water back out of these openings, on the way out, the water accumulates dissolved minerals and chemicals from the rocks that it encounters.

  4. Marine prokaryotes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_prokaryotes

    This vast air–water interface sits at the intersection of major air–water exchange processes spanning more than 70% of the global surface area . Bacteria in the surface microlayer of the ocean, called bacterioneuston , are of interest due to practical applications such as air-sea gas exchange of greenhouse gases, production of climate ...

  5. Marine primary production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_primary_production

    The organisms responsible for primary production are called primary producers or autotrophs. Most marine primary production is generated by a diverse collection of marine microorganisms called algae and cyanobacteria. Together these form the principal primary producers at the base of the ocean food chain and produce half of the world's oxygen ...

  6. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmissible_spongiform...

    The subsequent demonstration that human prion diseases were transmissible reinforced the importance of spongiform change as a diagnostic feature, reflected in the use of the term "spongiform encephalopathy" for this group of disorders. Prions appear to be most infectious when in direct contact with affected tissues.

  7. Salinity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salinity

    Salinity is an ecological factor of considerable importance, influencing the types of organisms that live in a body of water. As well, salinity influences the kinds of plants that will grow either in a water body, or on land fed by a water (or by a groundwater). [19] A plant adapted to saline conditions is called a halophyte.

  8. Why salt melts ice — and how to use it on your sidewalk - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/chemists-told-us-why-salt...

    A chemistry professor explains the science that makes salt a cheap and efficient way to lower freezing temperature. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: ...

  9. Sterilization (microbiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)

    Microorganisms growing on an agar plate. Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. [1]