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A minor triad has a minor third (m3) on the bottom, a major third (M3) on top, and a perfect fifth (P5) between the outer notes. In harmonic analysis and on lead sheets, a C minor chord can be notated as Cm, C−, Cmin, or simply the lowercase "c". A minor triad is represented by the integer notation {0, 3, 7}.
minor triads contain a minor third with a major third stacked above it, e.g., in the minor triad A–C–E (A minor), A–C is a minor third and C–E is a major third. diminished triads contain two minor thirds stacked, e.g., B–D–F (B diminished) augmented triads contain two major thirds stacked, e.g., D–F ♯ –A ♯ (D augmented).
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This triad is consequently called the supertonic diminished triad. Like the supertonic minor triad found in a major key, the supertonic diminished triad has a predominant function, almost always resolving to a dominant functioning chord. [7] If the music is in a minor key, diminished triads can also be found on the raised seventh note, ♯ vii o.
There are four basic triads (major, minor, augmented, diminished). They are all tertian —which means defined by the root, a third, and a fifth . Since most other chords are made by adding one or more notes to these triads, the name and symbol of a chord is often built by just adding an interval number to the name and symbol of a triad.
The root of the minor triad is thus considered the top of the fifth, which, in the United States, is called the fifth. So in C minor, the tonic is actually G and the leading tone is A ♭ (a half step), rather than, in major, the root being C and the leading tone B (a half step).
In Roman numeral analysis, the triad formed on the submediant is typically symbolized by "VI" if it is a major triad (the default in a minor mode) and by "vi" if it is a minor triad (the default in a major mode). The term submediant may also refer to a relationship of musical keys. For example, relative to the key of C major, the key of A minor ...
For instance, in example one above (C 7 ♯ 9) the triad of E ♭ major is a (compound) minor 3rd away from C (root of the bottom chord). Thus, this upper structure can be called upper structure flat three , or US ♭ III for short.