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Advancing age (usually over the age of 60) is the most common risk factor for onychomycosis due to diminished blood circulation, longer exposure to fungi, nails which grow more slowly and thicken, and reduced immune function increasing susceptibility to infection. [13] Nail fungus tends to affect men more often than women and is associated with ...
[1] [7] Systemic fungal infections are more serious and include cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, pneumocystis pneumonia, aspergillosis and mucormycosis. [3] Signs and symptoms range widely. [3] There is usually a rash with superficial infection. [2] Fungal infection within the skin or under the skin may present with a lump and skin changes. [3]
Green nail syndrome is an infection that can develop in individuals whose hands are frequently submerged in water resulting in discolouration of the nails from shades of green to black. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] It may also occur as transverse green stripes that are ascribed to intermittent episodes of infection. [ 3 ]
Anatomy of the basic parts of a human nail.A. Nail plate; B. lunula; C. root; D. sinus; E. matrix; F. nail bed; G. eponychium; H. free margin. Onychia is an inflammation of the nail folds (surrounding tissue of the nail plate) of the nail with formation of pus and shedding of the nail.
Trichophyton rubrum is a dermatophytic fungus in the phylum Ascomycota.It is an exclusively clonal, [2] anthropophilic saprotroph that colonizes the upper layers of dead skin, and is the most common cause of athlete's foot, fungal infection of nail, jock itch, and ringworm worldwide. [3]
The infection generally starts in the paronychium at the side of the nail, with local redness, swelling, and pain. [ 13 ] : 660 Acute paronychia is usually caused by direct or indirect trauma to the cuticle or nail fold, and may be from relatively minor events, such as dishwashing, an injury from a splinter or thorn, nail biting, biting or ...
Onychomadesis has been linked to autoimmune diseases, [7] physical trauma, pharmacological side effects, and viral infections, [8] especially coxsackieviruses. [9] However, in certain cases, the cause remains unknown. Athletes, especially runners, may be more likely to experience toenail involvement. [10]
Athlete's foot, known medically as tinea pedis, is a common skin infection of the feet caused by a fungus. [2] Signs and symptoms often include itching, scaling, cracking and redness. [3] In rare cases the skin may blister. [6] Athlete's foot fungus may infect any part of the foot, but most often grows between the toes. [3]