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The first documented relations between Ancient India and Ancient Rome occurred during the reign of Augustus (27 BCE – 14 CE), the first Roman Emperor. The presence of Europeans, including Romans , in the region known at the time as "India" (modern South Asia , including India , Bangladesh , Pakistan and eastern- Afghanistan ), during the ...
The Seleucid dynasty controlled a developed network of trade with the Indian Subcontinent which had previously existed under the influence of the Achaemenid Empire.The Greek-Ptolemaic dynasty, controlling the western and northern end of other trade routes to Southern Arabia and the Indian Subcontinent, [5] had begun to exploit trading opportunities in the region prior to the Roman involvement ...
The volume of commerce between Rome and India via Red Sea and Arabian Sea was huge since the conquest of Egypt by the Romans in 30 BC, according to the historian Strabo: 120 Roman vessels sailed every year from Berenice Troglodytica and many times touched southern Arabia Felix on their travel to India, while doing the Spice Route. [1]
[23] [24] [25] The consuls' military power rested in the Roman legal concept of imperium, meaning "command" (typically in a military sense). [26] Occasionally, successful consuls or generals were given the honorary title imperator (commander); this is the origin of the word emperor, since this title was always bestowed to the early emperors ...
Education in the Middle Ages relied heavily on Greco-Roman books such as Euclid's Elements and the influential quadrivium textbooks written in Latin by the Roman statesman Boethius (AD 480–524). Major works of Greek and Latin literature, moreover, were both read and written by Christians during the imperial era.
Chandragupta rapidly expanded his power westwards across central and western India, and by 317 BCE the empire had fully occupied north-western India. The Mauryan Empire defeated Seleucus I , founder of the Seleucid Empire , during the Seleucid–Mauryan war , thus gained additional territory west of the Indus River.
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The Roman Empire at its greatest extent, under Trajan, 117 AD. In 66–63 BC, the Roman general Pompey conquered much of the Middle East. [17] The Roman Empire united the region with most of Europe and North Africa in a single political and economic unit. Even areas not directly annexed were strongly influenced by the Empire, which was the most ...