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  2. Sample size determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_size_determination

    The table shown on the right can be used in a two-sample t-test to estimate the sample sizes of an experimental group and a control group that are of equal size, that is, the total number of individuals in the trial is twice that of the number given, and the desired significance level is 0.05. [4]

  3. Sampling (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)

    Probability sampling includes: simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, probability-proportional-to-size sampling, and cluster or multistage sampling. These various ways of probability sampling have two things in common: Every element has a known nonzero probability of being sampled and; involves random selection at ...

  4. Statistical significance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance

    When drawing data from a sample, this means that the rejection region comprises 5% of the sampling distribution. [39] These 5% can be allocated to one side of the sampling distribution, as in a one-tailed test , or partitioned to both sides of the distribution, as in a two-tailed test , with each tail (or rejection region) containing 2.5% of ...

  5. 68–95–99.7 rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/68–95–99.7_rule

    In statistics, the 68–95–99.7 rule, also known as the empirical rule, and sometimes abbreviated 3sr or 3 σ, is a shorthand used to remember the percentage of values that lie within an interval estimate in a normal distribution: approximately 68%, 95%, and 99.7% of the values lie within one, two, and three standard deviations of the mean ...

  6. Probability-proportional-to-size sampling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability-proportional...

    The pps sampling results in a fixed sample size n (as opposed to Poisson sampling which is similar but results in a random sample size with expectancy of n). When selecting items with replacement the selection procedure is to just draw one item at a time (like getting n draws from a multinomial distribution with N elements, each with their own ...

  7. Margin of error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margin_of_error

    Probability densities of polls of different sizes, ... will approximate a normal distribution as sample size increases. If this applies, it would speak about the ...

  8. Sampling probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_probability

    In statistics, in the theory relating to sampling from finite populations, the sampling probability (also known as inclusion probability) of an element or member of the population, is its probability of becoming part of the sample during the drawing of a single sample. [1]

  9. Z-test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-test

    Difference between Z-test and t-test: Z-test is used when sample size is large (n>50), or the population variance is known. t-test is used when sample size is small (n<50) and population variance is unknown. There is no universal constant at which the sample size is generally considered large enough to justify use of the plug-in test.