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Marcus Didius Julianus (/ ˈ d ɪ d i ə s /; 29 January 133 – 2 June 193) [4] was Roman emperor from March to June 193, during the Year of the Five Emperors. Julianus had a promising political career, governing several provinces, including Dalmatia and Germania Inferior , and defeated the Chauci and Chatti , two invading Germanic tribes.
He had Didius Julianus executed and made enemies of the other powerful nobles who aspired to the throne, Niger and Albinus. For the first few years of his reign, he was preoccupied with the civil war against Niger in the east, so he allied with Albinus despite their rivalry, granting Albinus the title of Caesar but not the real military power ...
Julian's mother died shortly after he was born, and he spent his childhood in Constantinople, forming a lasting attachment to the city. [10] Julian was probably raised with Greek as his first language, [ 9 ] and, being the nephew of Rome's first Christian emperor, he was brought up under the Christian faith.
As Severus approached Rome, by the end of May 193, Didius Julianus lost all support and was killed in the palace by a soldier on 2 June 193. [9] [10] The Roman Senate then acclaimed Severus as emperor. [9] [10] Before Severus entered the city, he disbanded the Praetorian Guards and replaced them with his own soldiers.
After the initial confusion had subsided, the population did not tamely submit to the dishonour brought upon Rome. [52] [53] [54] Whenever Julianus appeared in public he was saluted with groans, imprecations, and shouts of "robber and parricide." [55] The mob tried to obstruct his progress to the Capitol, and even threw stones. [56]
After Pertinax's death, the Praetorians auctioned off the imperial title; the winner was the wealthy senator Didius Julianus, whose reign would end mere weeks later with his assassination on 1 June 193. [33] Julianus was succeeded by Septimius Severus. [34]
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died 51 BC: Marcus Atius Balbus 105–51 BC: Atia 85–43 BC: Gaius Octavius ... Didius Julianus 133–193 r. 193: Septimius Severus 145–211 r. 193–211: Julia Domna