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A good tap drill is 85% (± 2 pp) of major diameter for coarse threads, and 90% (± 2 pp) of major diameter for fine threads. [ 1 ] For metric V threads , the concept of major minus pitch (i.e., the major or widest diameter of the intended screw in millimeters minus the pitch of the threads of that screw in millimeters per thread) yields a good ...
where is the tap drill size, is the major diameter of the tap (e.g., 3 ⁄ 8 in for a 3 ⁄ 8-16 tap), and / is the thread pitch (1 ⁄ 16 inch in the case of a 3 ⁄ 8-16 tap). For a 3 ⁄ 8-16 tap, the above formula would produce 5 ⁄ 16, which is the correct tap drill diameter. The above formula ultimately results in an approximate 75% thread.
Because only 5 ⁄ 8 of this height is cut, the difference between major and minor diameters is 5 ⁄ 4 × 0.8660 × P = 1.0825 × P, so the tap drill size can be approximated by subtracting the thread pitch from the major diameter.
There is a variety of tap-and-die sets being sold, some that extend from the small machine screw sizes to larger fractional sizes. My own collection of taps and dies is in a set whose box is made of wood and was available from Sears for many years (mine was purchased in 1970).
The thread form is slightly modified to increase the minor diameter, and thus the strength of screws and taps. The major diameter still extends to within 1 / 8 H of the theoretical sharp V, but the total depth of the thread is reduced 4% from 5 / 8 H = 5 / 8 cos(30°) P ≈ 0.541P to 0.52P. [5]
The metric screw tap and clearance sizes are largely missing, and those clearance hole sizes that are present are more often incorrect; e.g. M5 x 0.8 has 5.1 mm as close fit, but this would be an interference fit, all sources have 5.3 mm. (0.1 mm is below the sum of surface roughness and tolerance of the screw and clearance drill diameter ...
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In manufacturing, threading is the process of creating a screw thread.More screw threads are produced each year than any other machine element. [1] There are many methods of generating threads, including subtractive methods (many kinds of thread cutting and grinding, as detailed below); deformative or transformative methods (rolling and forming; molding and casting); additive methods (such as ...