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The ports have a dual barbed stem that allows the connection of either 3/8" OD or 1/4" OD polyethylene or PTFE-lined tubing to create up to 3 or 6 monitoring zones, respectively. Monitoring ports, couplings, and extensions are added as the piezometer is advanced into the subsurface.
The production liner has the same function as a complete string of production casing. A typical casing arrangement in a well is shown in the diagram below. In this case, the surface casing is set to a depth of about 3,000 ft (910 m). Two intermediate strings are set in this well — a 13 + 3 ⁄ 8 in (340 mm) string and a 9 + 7 ⁄ 8 in (250 mm ...
Casing Diameters of a Borehole Casing Diagram premium gas tight connections on a casing string. Casing is a large diameter pipe that is assembled and inserted into a recently drilled section of a borehole. Similar to the bones of a spine protecting the spinal cord, casing is set inside the drilled borehole to protect and support the wellstream.
Casing Hangers may also be suspended within the wellhead by means of radial distortion of the wellhead bore e.g. the "Pos-Grip" method. This is installed to support the individual casing strings in the well. It is the landing base or the casing head. This is usually welded or screwed to the top of the surface casing string.
Slickline is more commonly used in production tubing. The wireline operator monitors at surface the slickline tension via a weight indicator gauge and the depth via a depth counter 'zeroed' from surface, lowers the downhole tool to the proper depth, completes the job by manipulating the downhole tool mechanically, checks to make sure it worked if possible, and pulls the tool back out by ...
It is a cylindrical valve with either a ball or flapper closing mechanism. It is installed in the production tubing and is held in the open position by a high-pressure hydraulic line from surface contained in a 6.35 mm (1/4") control line that is attached to the DHSV's hydraulic chamber and terminated at surface to a hydraulic actuator. The ...
In exploration wells that are later abandoned, the wellhead may be recovered for refurbishment and re-use. Offshore, where a wellhead is located on the production platform it is called a surface wellhead, and if located beneath the water then it is referred to as a subsea wellhead or mudline wellhead. [2] [3] [4] [5]
A wellhead is used without a Christmas tree during drilling operations, and also for riser tie-back situations that later would have a tree installed at riser top. Wells being produced with rod pumps (pump jacks, nodding donkeys, grasshopper pumps, and so on) frequently do not utilize any tree owing the absence of a pressure-containment ...