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Pi (/ˈpaɪ/; Ancient Greek /piː/ or /peî/, uppercase Π, lowercase π, cursive ϖ; Greek: πι) is the sixteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the voiceless bilabial plosive IPA:. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 80.
The number π (/ p aɪ /; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159.It appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics, and some of these formulae are commonly used for defining π, to avoid relying on the definition of the length of a curve.
A History of Pi (book) Indiana Pi Bill; Leibniz formula for pi; Lindemann–Weierstrass theorem (Proof that π is transcendental) List of circle topics; List of formulae involving π; Liu Hui's π algorithm; Mathematical constant (sorted by continued fraction representation) Mathematical constants and functions; Method of exhaustion; Milü; Pi ...
The first theorem given in the text, Euclid's lemma, captures a fundamental property of prime numbers. The text was ubiquitous in the quadrivium and was instrumental in the development of logic, mathematics, and science. Autolycus' On the Moving Sphere is another ancient mathematical manuscript of the time. [citation needed]
The word is a play on the word "pi" itself and of the linguistic field of philology. There are many ways to memorize π, including the use of piems (a portmanteau, formed by combining pi and poem), which are poems that represent π in a way such that the length of each word (in letters) represents a digit. [1]
𐌐 : Old Italic and Old Latin P, which derives from Greek Pi, and is the ancestor of modern Latin P. The Roman P had this form (𐌐) on coins and inscriptions until the reign of Claudius, c. 50 AD. 𐍀 : Gothic letter pertra/pairþa, which derives from Greek Pi; П п : Cyrillic letter Pe, which derives from Greek Pi Ⲡ ⲡ : Coptic letter Pi
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Over a thousand characters from the Latin script are encoded in the Unicode Standard, grouped in several basic and extended Latin blocks.The extended ranges contain mainly precomposed letters plus diacritics that are equivalently encoded with combining diacritics, as well as some ligatures and distinct letters, used for example in the orthographies of various African languages (including click ...