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The Act for the Government and Protection of Indians (Chapter 133, Cal. Stats., April 22, 1850), nicknamed the Indian Indenture Act was enacted by the first session of the California State Legislature and signed into law by the 1st Governor of California, Peter Hardeman Burnett.
Two years later, Congress passed an act to survey those lands that had passed into the public domain under the first statute, but exempted "land in the occupation or possession of any Indian tribe." [19] That act also authorized the President to create five military reservations in California for Indian purposes. [20]
To which are prefixed the Declaration of Independence, Constitution of the United States, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, proclamations to the people of California, Constitution of the State of California, Act of Admission, and United States naturalization laws, with notes of California decisions thereon, Vol.
California Statehood Act, September 9, 1850 [3] Act for the Government and Protection of Indians, April 22, 1850 California Indian Wars, 1850–1880; Aboriginal title in California, 1851–present California Land Act of 1851; California Indian Reservations and Cessions, 1851–1892; Indian Reorganization Act of 1934; Indian Claims Act of 1946
Historian and author Benjamin Madley observes that between 1845 and 1870, California’s Native American population “plunged from perhaps 150,000 to 30,000. By 1880 census takers recorded just ...
Because California's previous Mexican government had no formal relationships with the Indians following the 1833 Secularization Act that closed the Spanish era's Catholic Missions, most of the 150,000 surviving tribal people either became servants for the Ranchos of California owners or migrated east to the Sierra Mountains or to the north ...
Next, the Mexican Congress passed An Act for the Secularization of the Missions of California on August 17, 1833. Mission San Juan Capistrano was the very first to feel the effects of this legislation the following year. The military received legal permission to distribute the Indian congregations' land amongst themselves in 1834 with ...
The United States was the first jurisdiction to acknowledge the common law doctrine of aboriginal title (also known as "original Indian title" or "Indian right of occupancy"). Native American tribes and nations establish aboriginal title by actual, continuous, and exclusive use and occupancy for a "long time." Individuals may also establish ...