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Fexofenadine, sold under the brand name Allegra among others, [10] is an antihistamine pharmaceutical drug used in the treatment of allergy symptoms, such as hay fever and urticaria. [ 11 ] Therapeutically, fexofenadine is a selective peripheral H 1 blocker .
H 1 antagonists, also called H 1 blockers, are a class of medications that block the action of histamine at the H 1 receptor, helping to relieve allergic reactions.Agents where the main therapeutic effect is mediated by negative modulation of histamine receptors are termed antihistamines; other agents may have antihistaminergic action but are not true antihistamines.
See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs, ranked by sales. Abbreviations are used in the list as follows: INN = International Nonproprietary Name; BAN = British Approved Name; USAN = United States Adopted Name; Two-letter codes for countries
It contains fexofenadine, as the hydrochloride, an antihistamine; and pseudoephedrine, as the hydrochloride, a nasal decongestant. [ 2 ] In 2021, it was the 279th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 800,000 prescriptions.
The European Union has implemented the GHS through the CLP Regulation. Nevertheless, the older system based on the Dangerous Substances Directive was used in parallel until June 2015. Some R-phrases which do not have simple equivalents under the GHS have been retained under the CLP Regulation: [ 6 ] the numbering mirrors the number of the ...
Itching, sneezing, and inflammatory responses are suppressed by antihistamines that act on H1-receptors. [ 2 ] [ 8 ] In 2014, antihistamines such as desloratadine were found to be effective to complement standardized treatment of acne due to their anti-inflammatory properties and their ability to suppress sebum production.
Terfenadine acts as a peripherally-selective antihistamine, or antagonist of the histamine H 1 receptor. [3] It is a prodrug, generally completely metabolized to the active form fexofenadine in the liver by the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4.
There are four main types: H1, H2, H3, and H4. H1 receptors are linked to allergic responses, H2 to gastric acid regulation, H3 to neurotransmitter release modulation, and H4 to immune system function. There are four known histamine receptors: H 1 receptor H1 Receptors: These receptors are primarily located on smooth muscle cells, endothelial ...