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  2. Excessive daytime sleepiness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excessive_daytime_sleepiness

    EDS can be a symptom of a number of factors and disorders. Specialists in sleep medicine are trained to diagnose them. Some are: Insufficient quality or quantity of night time sleep [5] Obstructive sleep apnea [6] Misalignments of the body's circadian pacemaker with the environment (e.g., jet lag, shift work, or other circadian rhythm sleep ...

  3. Sleep disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_disorder

    Insomnia disorder (primary insomnia), chronic difficulty in falling asleep or maintaining sleep when no other cause is found for these symptoms. Insomnia can also be comorbid with or secondary to other disorders. Kleine–Levin syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by persistent episodic hypersomnia and cognitive or mood changes [84]

  4. Idiopathic hypersomnia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_hypersomnia

    Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a neurological disorder which is characterized primarily by excessive sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). [1] Idiopathic hypersomnia was first described by Bedrich Roth in 1976, and it can be divided into two forms: polysymptomatic and monosymptomatic.

  5. Hypersomnia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersomnia

    Sleep apnea is the second most frequent cause of secondary hypersomnia, affecting up to 4% of middle-aged adults, mostly men. Upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) is a clinical variant of sleep apnea that can also cause hypersomnia. [8] Just as other sleep disorders (like narcolepsy) can coexist with sleep apnea, the same is true for UARS.

  6. Insomnia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insomnia

    Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD), which occurs during sleep and can cause arousals of which the sleeper is unaware [59] Pain: [60] an injury or condition that causes pain can preclude an individual from finding a comfortable position in which to fall asleep, and can also cause awakening.

  7. Fatal insomnia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatal_insomnia

    Fatal insomnia is an extremely rare neurodegenerative prion disease that results in trouble sleeping as its hallmark symptom. [2] The majority of cases are familial (fatal familial insomnia [FFI]), stemming from a mutation in the PRNP gene, with the remainder of cases occurring sporadically (sporadic fatal insomnia [sFI]).

  8. Sleep deprivation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_deprivation

    REM sleep deprivation causes an increase in noradrenaline (which incidentally causes the person sleep deprived to be stressed) due to the neurons in the locus coeruleus producing it not ceasing to do so, which causes an increase in the activity of the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase pump, which itself activates the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis [41] and ...

  9. Middle-of-the-night insomnia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle-of-the-night_insomnia

    Sleep research conducted in the 1990s showed that such waking up during the night may be a natural sleep pattern, rather than a form of insomnia. [2] If interrupted sleep (called "biphasic sleeping" or " bimodal sleep ") is perceived as normal and not referred to as "insomnia", less distress is caused and a return to sleep usually occurs after ...

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