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Alexander I (Russian: Александр I Павлович, romanized: Aleksandr I Pavlovich, IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsandr ˈpavləvʲɪtɕ]; 23 December [O.S. 12 December] 1777 – 1 December [O.S. 19 November] 1825), [a] [2] nicknamed "the Blessed", [b] was Emperor of Russia from 1801, the first king of Congress Poland from 1815, and the grand duke of Finland from 1809 to his death in 1825.
At his accession as the sole monarch of Russia in 1696, Peter held the same title as his father, Alexis: "Great Lord Tsar and Grand Prince, Autocrat of Great, Small and White Russia". [109] By 1710, he had styled himself as "Tsar and All-Russian Emperor", but it was not until 1721 that the imperial title became official. [109]
For the plan, some generals proposed their respective plans, but one, that of the Russian general Toll, fit precisely what Tsar Alexander I had in mind: attack Paris head-on with the main Coalition army while Napoleon was redirected as far away from the city as possible. The Tsar intended to ride out to meet the Prussian king and Schwarzenberg.
For 25 days after the death of Alexander I, from 19 November (O.S.)/1 December 1825 to 14 December (O.S.)/26 December 1825 he was known as His Imperial Majesty Konstantin I Emperor and Sovereign of Russia, although he never reigned and never acceded to the throne. His younger brother Nicholas became tsar in 1825.
The early Russian system of government instituted by Peter the Great, which consisted of various state committees, each named Collegium, [1] was largely outdated by the 19th century. The responsibilities of the Collegia were chosen very randomly and often overlapped. Alexander sought to fix this system with new reforms.
The new Tsar Alexander I of Russia (r. 1801–1825) came to the throne as the result of his father's murder, which he was implicated in. [3] Groomed for the throne by Catherine II and raised in the spirit of enlightenment, Alexander also had an inclination toward romanticism and religious mysticism, particularly in the latter period of his reign.
Tsar of All Russia r. 1584–1598: Dmitry of Russia 1552–1553: Ivan of Russia 1554–1581: Dmitry of Uglich 1582—1591 or 1582–1606: Vasili IV Tsar of Russia 1552–1612 r. 1606–1610: Michael I 1596–1645 Tsar of All Russia r. 1613–1645: Feodor II 1589–1605 Tsar of Russia r. 1605: Xenia of Russia 1582–1622: House of Romanov
Alexander effected this removal of power by granting the responsibility for investigation of political crimes, previously the domain of the Third Section, to the Governors-General of Moscow, Kiev, Warsaw, Odessa, Kharkov, and Saint Petersburg. Two more assassination attempts on the Tsar were made after the decentralization of the Third Section.