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Several computer systems introduced in the 1960s, such as the IBM System/360, DEC PDP-6/PDP-10, the GE-600/Honeywell 6000 series, and the Burroughs B5000 series and B6500 series, support two CPU modes; a mode that grants full privileges to code running in that mode, and a mode that prevents direct access to input/output devices and some other hardware facilities to code running in that mode.
Use a function call with a different number of arguments than the call is designed for, causing a stack misalignment, and code execution after the function returns (patched in Windows 10). [ 27 ] Use a function call with the same number of arguments, but one of pointers passed is treated as an object and writes to a pointer-based offset ...
The separation of mechanism and policy [1] is a design principle in computer science.It states that mechanisms (those parts of a system implementation that control the authorization of operations and the allocation of resources) should not dictate (or overly restrict) the policies according to which decisions are made about which operations to authorize, and which resources to allocate.
Transient execution CPU vulnerabilities are vulnerabilities in which instructions, most often optimized using speculative execution, are executed temporarily by a microprocessor, without committing their results due to a misprediction or error, resulting in leaking secret data to an unauthorized party.
For example, both a 5 stage in-order pipeline and a large out of order CPU implement the same assembly language execution model. The execution model is the definition of the behavior, so all implementations, whether in-order or out-of-order or interpreted or JIT'd etc.. must all give the exact same result, and that result is defined by the ...
The correspondence between the kind of property (safety vs liveness) with kind of proof (invariance vs well-foundedness) was a strong argument that the decomposition of properties into safety and liveness (as opposed to some other partitioning) was a useful one—knowing the type of property to be proved dictated the type of proof that is required.
2. Next to "2-Step Verification," click Turn on 2SV. 3. Click Get started. 4. Select Authenticator app for your 2-step verification method.-To see this option, you'll need to have at least 2 recovery methods on your account . 5. Click Continue. 6. Scan the QR code using your authenticator app. 7. Click Continue. 8. Enter the code shown in your ...
Dataflow architecture is a dataflow-based computer architecture that directly contrasts the traditional von Neumann architecture or control flow architecture. Dataflow architectures have no program counter, in concept: the executability and execution of instructions is solely determined based on the availability of input arguments to the instructions, [1] so that the order of instruction ...