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Cryptographic slide rule used as a calculation aid by the Swiss Army between 1914 and 1940. The Vigenère cipher is simple enough to be a field cipher if it is used in conjunction with cipher disks. [13] The Confederate States of America, for example, used a brass cipher disk to implement the Vigenère cipher during the American Civil War. The ...
Figure 1 from Vernam's patent. The combining function Vernam specified in U.S. patent 1,310,719, issued July 22, 1919, is the XOR operation, applied to the individual impulses or bits used to encode the characters in the Baudot code. Vernam did not use the term "XOR" in the patent, but he implemented that operation in relay logic.
The work of Al-Qalqashandi (1355–1418), based on the earlier work of Ibn al-Durayhim (1312–1359), contained the first published discussion of the substitution and transposition of ciphers, as well as the first description of a polyalphabetic cipher, in which each plaintext letter is assigned more than one substitute. [1]
Vernam is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Charles Vernam (born 1996), English professional footballer; Gilbert Vernam (1890–1960), invented an additive polyalphabetic stream cipher and later co-invented an automated one-time pad cipher; Remington D. B. Vernam (1896–1918), American pilot and World War I flying ace
On July 22, 1919, U.S. Patent 1,310,719 was issued to Gilbert Vernam for the XOR operation used for the encryption of a one-time pad. [7] Derived from his Vernam cipher, the system was a cipher that combined a message with a key read from a punched tape. In its original form, Vernam's system was vulnerable because the key tape was a loop, which ...
In cryptography, a classical cipher is a type of cipher that was used historically but for the most part, has fallen into disuse. In contrast to modern cryptographic algorithms, most classical ciphers can be practically computed and solved by hand.
The name LaKeisha is typically considered American in origin, but has elements pulled from both French and African roots. Other names like LaTanisha, JaMarcus, DeAndre, and Shaniqua were created in the same way. Punctuation marks are seen more often within African-American names than other American names, such as the names Mo'nique and D'Andre ...
1917 – Gilbert Vernam develops first practical implementation of a teletype cipher, now known as a stream cipher and, later, with Joseph Mauborgne the one-time pad; 1917 – Zimmermann telegram intercepted and decrypted, advancing U.S. entry into World War I; 1919 – Weimar Germany Foreign Office adopts (a manual) one-time pad for some traffic