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Capitan Reef in Guadalupe Mountains National Park. The Capitan Formation is a geologic formation found in western Texas and southeastern New Mexico.It is a fossilized reef dating to the Guadalupian Age of the Permian period.
The Artesia Group is interpreted as a sequence of shelf rocks of the Capitan reef.It shows cyclicity and considerable lateral variation, from carbonate rocks near the Capitan reef, to mixed dolomitic mudstone, evaporites, and sandstones of a lagoon environment further from the reef, to a near-shore environment of evaporites, massive red siltstones, and minor amounts of dolomite.
El Capitan (Spanish: El Capitán) is a peak in Culberson County, Texas, located within Guadalupe Mountains National Park. [2] The 10th-highest peak in Texas at 8,085 ft (2,464 m), El Capitan is part of the Guadalupe Mountains, an exposed portion of a Permian period reef uplifted and exposed by tectonic activity during the late Cretaceous period. [3]
Carbonate production in the Delaware Basin formed the Capitan Reef, one of the most extensive and continuous prehistoric limestone reefs now exposed at the land surface. Buried organic matter formed oil and natural gas resources, and ~250,000 wells have been drilled in the surrounding region. [8]
The formation is mostly limestone in the south and west, around the rim of the Delaware Basin, and grades into anhydrite in the north and east. It forms the top of the Capitan reef but dips steeply into the subsurface. [3] It has a total thickness of 123–320 feet (37–98 m). [3] [4] It overlies the Yates Formation. [5]
The Capitan Formation consists of Capitan Reef and is made of reef limestone. Capitan Reef was built primarily from calcareous sponges, encrusting algae such as stromatolites, and directly from seawater as a limey mud. In stark contrast, Cenozoic (current era), Mesozoic (age of the dinosaurs), and even middle Paleozoic (well before the Permian ...
Five years ago, ReefGen was formed by Google X cofounder Tom Chi, who witnessed the decline of coral reefs close to his home in Hawaii and turned to engineering and robotics to help.
The Bell Canyon Formation is the next unit in the Delaware Mountain Group, and it is the age equivalent unit to the Capitan Reef Formation which formed on the shelf. The Bell Canyon Formation consists of "un-fossiliferous, dark-gray to black, platy, fine-grained limestone". [ 21 ]