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  2. Immediate constituent analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immediate_constituent_analysis

    In linguistics, Immediate Constituent Analysis (ICA) is a syntactic theory which focuses on the hierarchical structure of sentences by isolating and identifying the constituents. While the idea of breaking down sentences into smaller components can be traced back to early psychological and linguistic theories, ICA as a formal method was ...

  3. Import–export (logic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Import–export_(logic)

    Import-export expresses a deductive argument form. In natural language terms, the formula states that the following English sentences are logically equivalent: [1] [2] [3] If Mary isn't at home, then if Sally isn't at home, then the house is empty. If Mary isn't home and Sally isn't home, then the house is empty.

  4. Constituent (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituent_(linguistics)

    Tests for constituents are diagnostics used to identify sentence structure. There are numerous tests for constituents that are commonly used to identify the constituents of English sentences. 15 of the most commonly used tests are listed next: 1) coordination (conjunction), 2) pro-form substitution (replacement), 3) topicalization (fronting), 4) do-so-substitution, 5) one-substitution, 6 ...

  5. Import and export of data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Import_and_export_of_data

    The import and export of data is the automated or semi-automated input and output of data sets between different software applications.It involves "translating" from the format used in one application into that used by another, where such translation is accomplished automatically via machine processes, such as transcoding, data transformation, and others.

  6. Transfer-based machine translation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer-based_machine...

    Morphological analysis. Surface forms of the input text are classified as to part-of-speech (e.g. noun, verb, etc.) and sub-category (number, gender, tense, etc.). All of the possible "analyses" for each surface form are typically made output at this stage, along with the lemma of the word. Lexical categorisation.

  7. Open coding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_coding

    Applied in varying degrees of detail, open coding can be linked to a line, sentence, paragraph or complete text (e.g., protocol, scenario). Alternatives are selected according to the research question, relevant data, personal style of the analyst and the stage of research.

  8. Trump’s hush money sentence ensures a convicted felon is ...

    www.aol.com/news/trump-hush-money-sentence...

    Donald Trump declared his innocence and criticized his hush money case a ‘witch hunt’ in his seven-minute remarks before Judge Juan Merchan sentenced him on January 10 (AP)

  9. Deep structure and surface structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_structure_and_surface...

    For example, the sentences "Pat loves Chris" and "Chris is loved by Pat" mean roughly the same thing and use similar words. Some linguists, Chomsky in particular, have tried to account for this similarity by positing that these two sentences are distinct surface forms that derive from a common (or very similar [1]) deep structure.