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  2. Fresnel equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_equations

    The Fresnel equations (or Fresnel coefficients) describe the reflection and transmission of light (or electromagnetic radiation in general) ...

  3. Fresnel diffraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_diffraction

    Fresnel diffraction of circular aperture, plotted with Lommel functions. This is the Fresnel diffraction integral; it means that, if the Fresnel approximation is valid, the propagating field is a spherical wave, originating at the aperture and moving along z. The integral modulates the amplitude and phase of the spherical wave.

  4. Fresnel integral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_integral

    The sector contour used to calculate the limits of the Fresnel integrals. This can be derived with any one of several methods. One of them [5] uses a contour integral of the function around the boundary of the sector-shaped region in the complex plane formed by the positive x-axis, the bisector of the first quadrant y = x with x ≥ 0, and a circular arc of radius R centered at the origin.

  5. Kirchhoff's diffraction formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirchhoff's_diffraction...

    Kirchhoff's integral theorem, sometimes referred to as the Fresnel–Kirchhoff integral theorem, [3] uses Green's second identity to derive the solution of the homogeneous scalar wave equation at an arbitrary spatial position P in terms of the solution of the wave equation and its first order derivative at all points on an arbitrary closed surface as the boundary of some volume including P.

  6. Transfer-matrix method (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer-matrix_method...

    Propagation of a ray through a layer. The transfer-matrix method is a method used in optics and acoustics to analyze the propagation of electromagnetic or acoustic waves through a stratified medium; a stack of thin films.

  7. Schlick's approximation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlick's_approximation

    In 3D computer graphics, Schlick’s approximation, named after Christophe Schlick, is a formula for approximating the contribution of the Fresnel factor in the specular reflection of light from a non-conducting interface (surface) between two media.

  8. Kirchhoff integral theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirchhoff_integral_theorem

    Kirchhoff's integral theorem (sometimes referred to as the Fresnel–Kirchhoff integral theorem) [1] is a surface integral to obtain the value of the solution of the homogeneous scalar wave equation at an arbitrary point P in terms of the values of the solution and the solution's first-order derivative at all points on an arbitrary closed surface (on which the integration is performed) that ...

  9. Reflectance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflectance

    Reflectivity is the square of the magnitude of the Fresnel reflection coefficient, [4] which is the ratio of the reflected to incident electric field; [5] as such the reflection coefficient can be expressed as a complex number as determined by the Fresnel equations for a single layer, whereas the reflectance is always a positive real number.