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square number is 1 (solve the Diophantine equation x 2 = y 3 + 4y, where y is even); generalized pentagonal number is 171535 (solve the Diophantine equation x 2 = y 3 + 144y + 144, where y is divisible by 12); tetrahedral number is 2925. Note that 0 and 1 are the only normal magic constants of rational order which are also rational squares.
This sum can also be found in the four outer numbers clockwise from the corners (3+8+14+9) and likewise the four counter-clockwise (the locations of four queens in the two solutions of the 4 queens puzzle [50]), the two sets of four symmetrical numbers (2+8+9+15 and 3+5+12+14), the sum of the middle two entries of the two outer columns and rows ...
The sum of the labels is 11, smaller than could be achieved using only two labels. In graph theory, a sum coloring of a graph is a labeling of its vertices by positive integers, with no two adjacent vertices having equal labels, that minimizes the sum of the labels. The minimum sum that can be achieved is called the chromatic sum of the graph. [1]
Add the clues together, plus 1 for each "space" in between. For example, if the clue is 6 2 3, this step produces the sum 6 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 3 = 13. Subtract this number from the total available in the row (usually the width or height of the puzzle). For example, if the clue in step 1 is in a row 15 cells wide, the difference is 15 - 13 = 2.
Unless noted, discussion in this article assumes classic Sudoku, i.e. N=9 (a 9×9 grid and 3×3 regions). A rectangular Sudoku uses rectangular regions of row-column dimension R×C. Other variants include those with irregularly-shaped regions or with additional constraints . Regions are also called blocks or boxes.
'digit-single'; originally called Number Place) [1] is a logic-based, [2] [3] combinatorial [4] number-placement puzzle. In classic Sudoku, the objective is to fill a 9 × 9 grid with digits so that each column, each row, and each of the nine 3 × 3 subgrids that compose the grid (also called "boxes", "blocks", or "regions") contains all of the ...
Adding together a number ending in 7 and a number ending in 8 always results in a number ending in 5, for example. So, for example, 1 7 + 1 8 = 3 5 becomes, in clock arithmetic, 7 + 8 = 5. The biggest number an 'innie' or 'outie' can hold is 9, so adding or subtracting that value will change the last digit of the total in a way that no other ...
These puzzles typically have anywhere from 5 to 9 rows. The number of rows is always equal to the number of columns. The regions are polyominos made of the same number of squares that are in any one row of the puzzle. The irregularity of the regions compensates for the relatively small number of givens. 4×4 – Shi Doku. [4] Four 2×2 regions.