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The 2-meter amateur radio band is a portion of the VHF radio spectrum that comprises frequencies stretching from 144 MHz to 148 MHz [1] in International Telecommunication Union region (ITU) Regions 2 (North and South America plus Hawaii) and 3 (Asia and Oceania) [2] [3] and from 144 MHz to 146 MHz in ITU Region 1 (Europe, Africa, and Russia).
The 2 200 metre band is available for use in several countries, and the 2007 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-07) recommended it as a worldwide amateur allocation. Before the introduction of the 2 200 metre band in the U.K. in 1998, operation on the even lower frequency of 73 kHz, in the LF time signal band, was allowed from 1996–2003.
Illustration of the spectrum of AM and SSB signals. The lower side band (LSB) spectrum is inverted compared to the baseband. As an example, a 2 kHz audio baseband signal modulated onto a 5 MHz carrier will produce a frequency of 5.002 MHz if upper side band (USB) is used or 4.998 MHz if LSB is used.
After clearance, the WPC grants the licence along with the user-chosen call sign. This procedure can take up to one year. [5] This licence is valid for up to five years. [6] Each licence category has certain privileges allotted to it, including the allotment of frequencies, output power, and the emission modes.
Most amateur digital modes are transmitted by inserting audio into the microphone input of a radio and using an analog scheme, such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or single-sideband modulation (SSB). Amateur teleprinting over radio (AMTOR) D-STAR (Digital Data) a high speed (128 kbit/s), data-only mode.
Particularly in the United States and at frequencies under 10 MHz, shortwave broadcasters may operate in between those bands, with the 60-meter band extending as high as 5.13 MHz, the 49-meter band down to 5.8 MHz, the 41-meter band as high as 7.78 MHz and the 31-meter band extending as low as 9.265 MHz.
The 2-meter band is often used by ATV operators for coordination with each other via FM voice transmissions. Operators seeking an ATV contact might first attempt calling on a regionally recognized ATV liaison-frequency, commonly 144.34 MHz, then agree to an ATV frequency to use for the video transmissions.
Several countries in ITU Region 1 have access to frequencies in the 70 MHz region, called the 4-meter band. The band shares many propagation characteristics with 6 meters. The preferred location for beacons is 70.000–70.090 MHz; [5] however, in countries where this segment is not allocated to Amateur Radio, beacons may operate elsewhere in ...