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Map of ancient Lucania according to The Historical Atlas Map of ancient Lucania according to Naturalis Historia Lucanian chimera, alleged to be used in Lucanian shields [1] [2] Lucania was a historical region of Southern Italy, corresponding to the modern-day region of Basilicata. It was the land of the Lucani, an Oscan people.
Basilicata (UK: / b ə ˌ s ɪ l ɪ ˈ k ɑː t ə /, [3] US: /-ˌ z ɪ l-/; [4] Italian: [baziliˈkaːta]), also known by its ancient name Lucania (/ l uː ˈ k eɪ n i ə /, US also / l uː ˈ k ɑː n j ə /, [5] [6] Italian: [luˈkaːnja]), is an administrative region in Southern Italy, bordering on Campania to the west, Apulia to the north and east, and Calabria to the south.
The Lucani spoke a variety of the Umbrian-Oscan language, like their neighbours, the Samnites, who had absorbed the Osci in the 5th century BC. The few Oscan inscriptions and coins in the area that survive from the 4th or 3rd century BC use the Greek alphabet .
Atena Lucana is one of the most ancient settlements in the Vallo di Diano, as testified by the presence of prehistoric Megalithic walls. Later it was a Greek trading center, a fortress of the Lucani and a municipium of the Romans.
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The study of the necropolis, seventh-fifth century BC shows that the settlement belongs to a cultural center north of Lucania. It is located near a tributary of the broad stream 'Ofanto and spread on top and on the terraces along the slopes of the hill.
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In the Middle Ages it was a small village called Pietrafixa (crushed stone, probably due to the geomorphological characteristics of the place), later Italianized in Pietrafesa until 1887, when the Municipal Administration decided to change the toponym in Satriano, borrowed by the ancient Lucan stronghold Satrianum, whose ruins are located on the mountain behind, to strengthen its historical ...