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In macroeconomics, hard currency, safe-haven currency, or strong currency is any globally traded currency that serves as a reliable and stable store of value.Factors contributing to a currency's hard status might include the stability and reliability of the respective state's legal and bureaucratic institutions, level of corruption, long-term stability of its purchasing power, the associated ...
Hard money may refer to: Hard currency, globally traded currency that can serve as a reliable and stable store of value; Hard money (policy), currency backed by precious metal "Hard money" donations to candidates for political office (tightly regulated, as opposed to unregulated "soft money")
Managerial economics aims to provide the tools and techniques to make informed decisions to maximize the profits and minimize the losses of a firm. [4] Managerial economics has use in many different business applications, although the most common focus areas are related to the risk, pricing, production and capital decisions a manager makes. [31]
Hard money loans are also different from so-called soft money loans: Hard money loans are usually secured by physical assets like property and their assessed value in the form of equity.
This contrasts with a hard loan, which has to be paid back in an agreed hard currency, usually of a country with a stable, robust economy. [ 2 ] An example of a soft loan is a $2 billion loan by China's Export-Import Bank to Angola in October 2004 to help build infrastructure.
Soft commodities, or softs, [1] [2] are commodities such as coffee, cocoa, sugar, corn, wheat, soybean, fruit and livestock. [3] The term generally refers to commodities that are grown, rather than mined; the latter (such as oil, copper and gold) are known as hard commodities. [4] [3] Soft commodities play a major part in the futures market.
The concept of soft budget constraint is commonly applied to economies in transition. This theory was originally proposed by János Kornai in 1979. It was used to explain the "economic behavior in socialist economies marked by shortage”. [ 2 ]
The loan amount the hard money lender is able to lend is determined by the ratio of loan amount divided by the value of the property. This is known as the loan to value (LTV). Many hard money lenders will only lend up to 65% of the current value of the property. [3] There is no such thing as 100% LTV for this type of transactions.