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The McCabe–Thiele method is a technique that is commonly employed in the field of chemical engineering to model the separation of two substances by a distillation column. [1] [2] [3] It uses the fact that the composition at each theoretical tray is completely determined by the mole fraction of one of the two components.
Aspen Plus, Aspen HYSYS, ChemCad and MATLAB, PRO are the commonly used process simulators for modeling, simulation and optimization of a distillation process in the chemical industries. [1] [2] Distillation is the technique of preferential separation of the more volatile components from the less volatile ones in a feed followed by condensation ...
Fractionation at total reflux. The Fenske equation in continuous fractional distillation is an equation used for calculating the minimum number of theoretical plates required for the separation of a binary feed stream by a fractionation column that is being operated at total reflux (i.e., which means that no overhead product distillate is being withdrawn from the column).
Distillation is a process in which we separate components of different vapour pressure. One fraction leaves overhead and is condensed to distillate and the other is the bottom product. The bottom product is mostly liquid while the overhead fraction can be vapour or an aerosol. This method requires the components to have different volatility to ...
Fractional distillation in a laboratory makes use of common laboratory glassware and apparatuses, typically including a Bunsen burner, a round-bottomed flask and a condenser, as well as the single-purpose fractionating column. Fractional distillation. As an example, consider the distillation of a mixture of water and ethanol. Ethanol boils at ...
[1] [2] Fractions are collected based on differences in a specific property of the individual components. A common trait in fractionations is the need to find an optimum between the amount of fractions collected and the desired purity in each fraction. Fractionation makes it possible to isolate more than two components in a mixture in a single run.
Rayleigh fractionation describes the evolution of a system with multiple phases in which one phase is continuously removed from the system through fractional distillation. It is used in particular to describe isotopic enrichment or depletion as material moves between reservoirs in an equilibrium process .
In a typical fractional distillation, a liquid mixture is heated in the distilling flask, and the resulting vapor rises up the fractionating column (see Figure 1). The vapor condenses on glass spurs (known as theoretical trays or theoretical plates ) inside the column, and returns to the distilling flask, refluxing the rising distillate vapor.