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This is a list of persons who served aboard Space Shuttle crews, arranged in chronological order by Space Shuttle missions. Abbreviations: PC = Payload Commander; MSE = USAF Manned Spaceflight Engineer; Mir = Launched to be part of the crew of the Mir Space Station; ISS = Launched to be part of the crew of the International Space Station.
The Space Shuttle was a partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated by NASA (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration). Its official program name was Space Transportation System (STS), taken from a 1969 plan for a system of reusable spacecraft of which it was the only item funded for development. [ 1 ]
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The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.
III-22 The first Space Shuttle mission, STS-1, would be the first time NASA performed a crewed first-flight of a spacecraft. [24]: III-24 On April 12, 1981, the Space Shuttle launched for the first time, and was piloted by John Young and Robert Crippen .
U.S. Space Shuttle missions were capable of carrying more humans and cargo than the Russian Soyuz spacecraft, resulting in more U.S. short-term human visits until the Space Shuttle program was discontinued in 2011. Between 2011 and 2020, Soyuz was the sole means of human transport to the ISS, delivering mostly long-term crew.
The Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA) are two extensively modified Boeing 747 airliners that NASA used to transport Space Shuttle orbiters. One (N905NA) is a 747-100 model, while the other (N911NA) is a short-range 747-100SR.
The main articles for this category are Space Shuttle, Space Shuttle program, and List of Space Shuttle crews. The Space Shuttle program conducted flights between 1981 and 2011. The Space Shuttle program conducted flights between 1981 and 2011.