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The leading cause of death in chronic kidney disease is cardiovascular disease, regardless of whether there is progression to stage 5. [ 88 ] [ 89 ] [ 90 ] While kidney replacement therapies can maintain people indefinitely and prolong life, the quality of life is negatively affected.
Chronic kidney failure has numerous causes. The most common causes of chronic failure are diabetes mellitus and long-term, uncontrolled hypertension. [27] Polycystic kidney disease is another well-known cause of chronic failure. The majority of people affected with polycystic kidney disease have a family history of the disease.
The causes listed are relatively immediate medical causes, but the ultimate cause of death might be described differently. For example, tobacco smoking often causes lung disease or cancer, and alcohol use disorder can cause liver failure or a motor vehicle accident.
Kidney failure is known as the end-stage of kidney disease, where dialysis or a kidney transplant is the only treatment option. Chronic kidney disease is defined as prolonged kidney abnormalities (functional and/or structural in nature) that last for more than three months. [ 1 ]
Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, [5] is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally. The triad of protein leaking into the urine (proteinuria or albuminuria ...
Protein toxicity is the effect of the buildup of protein metabolic waste compounds, like urea, uric acid, ammonia, and creatinine.Protein toxicity has many causes, including urea cycle disorders, genetic mutations, excessive protein intake, and insufficient kidney function, such as chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury.
Kidney infarction: CT scan of the abdomen showing partial infarct of the left kidney. Specialty: Nephrology: Symptoms: Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. [1] Complications: Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. [1] Causes: Cardioembolic disease, renal artery injury, and hypercoagulable state. [1] Diagnostic method
Kidney failure is very common in patients with congestive heart failure. It was shown that kidney failure complicates one-third of all admissions for heart failure, which is the leading cause of hospitalization in the United States among adults over 65 years old. [ 5 ]
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