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It is a measure of germination time course and is usually expressed as a percentage, e.g., an 85% germination rate indicates that about 85 out of 100 seeds will probably germinate under proper conditions over the germination period given. Seed germination rate is determined by the seed genetic composition, morphological features and ...
Warm stratification requires temperatures of 15–20 °C (59–68 °F). In many instances, warm stratification followed by cold stratification requirements can also be met by planting the seeds in summer in a mulched bed for expected germination the following spring. Some seeds may not germinate until the second spring. [citation needed]
Gilbert White used hot beds warmed by manure to germinate melon seeds in England. [1] A seed germinator is a device for germinating seeds. Typically, these create an environment in which light, humidity and temperature are controlled to provide optimum conditions for the germination of seeds. One type of germinator is the Copenhagen or Jacobsen ...
Seed dormancy is defined as a seed failing to germinate under environmental conditions optimal for germination, normally when the environment is at a suitable temperature with proper soil moisture. This true dormancy or innate dormancy is therefore caused by conditions within the seed that prevent germination.
Hypogeal lilies require two or more stages with variations of temperature particular to each stage. For hypogeal lilies, the first stage of germination takes place entirely underground, where the bulb is created. Hypogeals require a warm period of 3 months at 70°F, followed by a 3-month period at 40°F. A juvenile leaf appears in the second stage.
Temperature and light intensity interact as they affect seedling growth; at low light levels about 40 lumens/m 2 a day/night temperature regime of 28 °C/13 °C is effective (Brix 1972). [2] A photoperiod shorter than 14 hours causes growth to stop, whereas a photoperiod extended with low light intensities to 16 h or more brings about ...
Many plants grown in temperate climates require vernalization and must experience a period of low winter temperature to initiate or accelerate the flowering process. This ensures that reproductive development and seed production occurs in spring and winters, rather than in autumn. [3] The needed cold is often expressed in chill hours. Typical ...
In addition to the mentioned seed pretreatments, seed germination is also assisted when a disease-free soil is used. Especially when trying to germinate difficult seed (e.g. certain tropical fruit), prior treatment of the soil (along with the usage of the most suitable soil; e.g. potting soil, prepared soil or other substrates) is vital.
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