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sudo (/ s uː d uː / [4]) is a program for Unix-like computer operating systems that enables users to run programs with the security privileges of another user, by default the superuser. [5] It originally stood for "superuser do", [ 6 ] as that was all it did, and this remains its most common usage; [ 7 ] however, the official Sudo project ...
Sudo command on Ubuntu to temporarily assume root privileges. Most Unix and Unix-like systems have an account or group which enables a user to exact complete control over the system, often known as a root account. If access to this account is gained by an unwanted user, this results in a complete breach of the system.
Ubuntu is built on Debian's architecture and infrastructure, and comprises Linux server, desktop and discontinued phone and tablet operating system versions. [31] Ubuntu releases updated versions predictably every six months, [32] and each release receives free support for nine months (eighteen months prior to 13.04) [33] with security fixes ...
The name root may have originated because root is the only user account with permission to modify the root directory of a Unix system. This directory was originally considered to be root's home directory , [ 4 ] but the UNIX Filesystem Hierarchy Standard now recommends that root's home be at /root . [ 5 ]
The file owner is 'root' and the SUID permission is set (the '4') - so the file is executed as 'root'. The reason an executable would be run as 'root' is so that it can modify specific files that the user would not normally be allowed to, without giving the user full root access. A default use of this can be seen with the /usr/bin/passwd binary ...
This feature is implemented in live-initramfs and allows the user to run a live distro that does not run from ram by default by adding toram to the kernel boot parameters. [1] Additionally some distributions can be configured to run from RAM, such as Ubuntu using the toram option included in the Casper scripts. [2]
authbind is an open-source system utility written by Ian Jackson and is distributed under the GNU General Public License. [1] The authbind software allows a program that would normally require superuser privileges to access privileged network services to run as a non-privileged user. authbind allows the system administrator to permit specific users and groups access to bind to TCP and UDP ...
chroot is an operation on Unix and Unix-like operating systems that changes the apparent root directory for the current running process and its children.A program that is run in such a modified environment cannot name (and therefore normally cannot access) files outside the designated directory tree.