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Cytopenia is a reduction in the number of mature blood cells. It can have many causes, and commonly occurs in people with cancer being treated with radiation therapy or chemotherapy . Types
Lymphocytopenia is commonly caused by a recent infection, such as COVID-19. [3]Lymphocytopenia, but not idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia, is associated with corticosteroid use, infections with HIV and other viral, bacterial, and fungal agents, malnutrition, systemic lupus erythematosus, [4] severe stress, [5] intense or prolonged physical exercise (due to cortisol release), [6] rheumatoid ...
The following is a differential diagnosis for patients in which reticulocytopenia is the most marked cytopenia. For conditions that lead to significant reduction in all three cell lineages, see pancytopenia or aplastic anemia. Parvovirus B19 infection [5] Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood [4] Pure red cell aplasia [6]
In hematology, thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of platelets (also known as thrombocytes) in the blood. [2] Low levels of platelets in turn may lead to prolonged or excessive bleeding.
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), also known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura or immune thrombocytopenia, is an autoimmune primary disorder of hemostasis characterized by a low platelet count in the absence of other causes.
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), also called Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex, is a microbial complex of three Mycobacterium species (i.e. M. avium, M. intracellulare, and M. chimaera). [6] It causes Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection. [7] [8] Some sources also include Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). [9]
These cells then infiltrate organs, releasing more cytokines, which gives the clinical picture. The fever is caused by IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha; the cytopenia is due to the suppressive effect on hematopoiesis by TNF-alpha and TNF-gamma. TNF-alpha and TNF-gamma may also lead to inhibition of lipoprotein lipase or stimulate triglyceride synthesis.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a blood disorder that results in blood clots forming in small blood vessels throughout the body. [2] This results in a low platelet count, low red blood cells due to their breakdown, and often kidney, heart, and brain dysfunction. [1]