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In many countries there is a distinction between the official exchange rate for permitted transactions within the country, and a parallel exchange rate (or black market, grey, unregulated, unofficial, etc. exchange rate) that responds to excess demand for foreign currency at the official exchange rate.
Colour key and notes Indicates that a given currency is pegged to another currency (details) Italics indicates a state or territory with a low level of international recognition State or territory Currency Symbol [D] or Abbrev. ISO code Fractional unit Number to basic Abkhazia Abkhazian apsar [E] аҧ (none) (none) (none) Russian ruble ₽ RUB Kopeck 100 Afghanistan Afghan afghani ؋ AFN ...
Xe.com (Xe) is a Canada-based online foreign exchange tools and services company headquartered in Newmarket, Ontario.It is best known for its online currency converter application that offers exchange rate information, international money transfers, and other currency-related services via its website, mobile apps, and other online channels.
In 1990, total currency in circulation in the world passed the equivalent of one trillion United States dollars. After 12 years, in 2002 this figure was two trillion USD, and in 2008 it had increased to four trillion USD. [2] (These figures do not make allowance for inflation or population changes.)
The market convention is to quote most exchange rates against the USD with the US dollar as the base currency (e.g. USDJPY, USDCAD, USDCHF). The exceptions are the British pound (GBP), Australian dollar (AUD), the New Zealand dollar (NZD) and the euro (EUR) where the USD is the counter currency (e.g. GBPUSD, AUDUSD, NZDUSD, EURUSD).
The East Caribbean dollar is pegged to the dollar at a fixed rate of 2.7:1, and is used by all of the countries and territories of the OECS other than the British Virgin Islands. In Lebanon , one dollar is equal to 15000 Lebanese pounds , and is used interchangeably with local currency as de facto legal tender. [ 22 ]
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Without a central exchange, currency exchange rates are made, or set, by market makers. [1] Banks constantly quote a bid and an ask price based on anticipated currency movements taking place [ clarification needed ] and thereby make the market.