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An aging-associated disease (commonly termed age-related disease, ARD) is a disease that is most often seen with increasing frequency with increasing senescence. They are essentially complications of senescence, distinguished from the aging process itself because all adult animals age ( with rare exceptions ) but not all adult animals ...
Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leading to impaired function and increased vulnerability to death. The hallmarks of aging are the types of biochemical changes that occur in all organisms that experience biological aging and lead to a progressive loss of physiological integrity, impaired function and, eventually, death.
Adult development encompasses the changes that occur in biological and psychological domains of human life from the end of adolescence until the end of one's life. Changes occur at the cellular level and are partially explained by biological theories of adult development and aging. [1]
Senescence (/ s ɪ ˈ n ɛ s ə n s /) or biological aging is the gradual deterioration of functional characteristics in living organisms. Whole organism senescence involves an increase in death rates or a decrease in fecundity with increasing age, at least in the later part of an organism's life cycle.
In neurodegenerative diseases, cells of the central nervous system stop working or die via neurodegeneration. An example of this is Alzheimer's disease . [ 2 ] The other two common groups of degenerative diseases are those that affect circulatory system (e.g. coronary artery disease ) and neoplastic diseases (e.g. cancers ).
The physiological importance for cell senescence has been attributed to prevention of carcinogenesis, and more recently, aging, development, and tissue repair. [9] Senescent cells contribute to the aging phenotype, including frailty syndrome, sarcopenia, and aging-associated diseases. [10]
Aging is associated with many changes in the central nervous system, such as mild atrophy of the cortex, which is considered non-pathological. Aging is also associated with many neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , dementia , mild cognitive impairment , Parkinson's disease , and Creutzfeldt ...
Progeroid syndromes (PS) are a group of rare genetic disorders that mimic physiological aging, making affected individuals appear to be older than they are. [1] [2] The term progeroid syndrome does not necessarily imply progeria (Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome), which is a specific type of progeroid syndrome.