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In histology, an intestinal gland (also crypt of Lieberkühn and intestinal crypt) is a gland found in between villi in the intestinal epithelial lining of the small intestine and large intestine (or colon). The glands and intestinal villi are covered by epithelium, which contains multiple types of cells: enterocytes (absorbing water and ...
For decades, it was believed that the main function of the glands is to secrete alkaline (bicarbonate-containing) mucus in order to: [citation needed] protect the duodenum from the acidic content of chyme (which enters the duodenum from the stomach), provide an alkaline environment which promotes the activity of intestinal enzymes,
Intestinal glands: Secretion of the hormone glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, which stimulates the release of insulin M cells: Intestinal glands of duodenum and jejunum: Secretion of the hormone motilin, which accelerates gastric emptying, stimulates intestinal peristalsis, and stimulates the production of pepsin S cells: Intestinal ...
Labeled diagram of the small intestine and its surrounding structures. The small intestine is divided into three structural parts. The duodenum is a short structure ranging from 20–25 cm (8–10 in) in length, and shaped like a "C". [12] It surrounds the head of the pancreas.
Pancreas, duodenum and bile duct Action of digestive hormones. The pancreas is a major organ functioning as an accessory digestive gland in the digestive system. It is both an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland. [28]
In human anatomy, the intestine (bowel or gut; Greek: éntera) is the segment of the gastrointestinal tract extending from the pyloric sphincter of the stomach to the anus and as in other mammals, consists of two segments: the small intestine and the large intestine.
Intestinal villi (sg.: villus) are small, finger-like projections that extend into the lumen of the small intestine. Each villus is approximately 0.5–1.6 mm in length (in humans), and has many microvilli projecting from the enterocytes of its epithelium which collectively form the striated or brush border .
The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear, and the terms anterior intestine or proximal intestine may be used instead of duodenum. [7] In mammals the duodenum may be the principal site for iron ...