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  2. Centre-to-centre distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre-to-centre_distance

    Centre-to-centre distance (c.t.c. distance or ctc distance) is a concept for distances, also called on-center spacing (o.c. spacing or oc spacing), heart distance, and pitch. It is the distance between the centre (the heart) of a column and the centre (the heart) of another column. By expressing a distance in c.t.c., one can measure distances ...

  3. Earth radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_radius

    Earth radius (denoted as R 🜨 or R E) is the distance from the center of Earth to a point on or near its surface. Approximating the figure of Earth by an Earth spheroid (an oblate ellipsoid), the radius ranges from a maximum (equatorial radius, denoted a) of nearly 6,378 km (3,963 mi) to a minimum (polar radius, denoted b) of nearly 6,357 km (3,950 mi).

  4. Track spacing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Track_spacing

    The track spacing is the distance between the track centres of double-track railway lines. There are standard distances derived from the standard loading gauge in a country. . For high-speed trains and in tighter curves that distance needs to be increa

  5. Unit of length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_of_length

    Average distance between the center of Earth and the center of the Moon. astronomical unit au. Defined as 149 597 870 700 m. [11] Approximately the distance between the Earth and Sun. light-year ly ≈ 9 460 730 472 580.8 km. The distance that light travels in a vacuum in one Julian year. [12] parsec pc ≈ 30 856 775 814 671.9 km or about 3. ...

  6. Metre - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre

    The metre (or meter in US spelling; symbol: m) is the base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). Since 2019, the metre has been defined as the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of ⁠ 1 / 299 792 458 ⁠ of a second, where the second is defined by a hyperfine transition frequency of caesium.

  7. Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Transverse...

    UTM eastings range from about 166 000 meters to 834 000 meters at the equator. In the northern hemisphere positions are measured northward from zero at the equator. The maximum "northing" value is about 9 300 000 meters at latitude 84 degrees North, the north end of the UTM zones. The southern hemisphere's northing at the equator is set at 10 ...

  8. List of conversion factors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_conversion_factors

    Conversions between units in the metric system are defined by their prefixes (for example, 1 kilogram = 1000 grams, 1 milligram = 0.001 grams) and are thus not listed in this article. Exceptions are made if the unit is commonly known by another name (for example, 1 micron = 10 −6 metre).

  9. Astronomical unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit

    The astronomical unit (symbol: au [1] [2] [3] [4] or AU) is a unit of length defined to be exactly equal to 149,597,870,700 m. [5] Historically, the astronomical unit ...