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Alleluia (/ ˌ ɑː l ə ˈ l ʊ j ə,-j ɑː / AL-ə-LOO-yə, -yah; from Hebrew הללויה 'praise Yah') is a phrase in Christianity used to give praise to God. [1] [2] [3] In Christian worship, Alleluia is used as a liturgical chant in which that word is combined with verses of scripture, usually from the Psalms. [4]
The phrase is used in Judaism as part of the Hallel prayers, and in Christian prayer, [3] where since the earliest times [4] it is used in various ways in liturgies, [5] especially those of the Catholic Church, the Lutheran Churches and the Eastern Orthodox Church, [6] [7] the three of which use the Latin form alleluia which is based on the ...
It was also called sequentia, "sequence," because it followed (Latin: sequi) the Alleluia. Notker set words to this melisma in rhythmic prose for chanting as a trope. The name sequence thus came to be applied to these texts; and by extension, to hymns containing rhyme and accentual metre.
The Alleluia is known for the jubilus, an extended joyful melisma on the last vowel of 'Alleluia'. The Alleluia is also in two parts, the alleluia proper and the psalmverse, by which the Alleluia is identified (Alleluia V. Pascha nostrum). The last melisma of the verse is the same as the jubilus attached to the Alleluia.
The ordinary of both the Eucharist and the canonical hours does, however, admit minor variations following the seasons (such as the omission of "Alleluia" in Lent and its addition in Eastertide). These two are the only liturgical celebrations in which a distinction is made between an ordinary and other parts.
According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, it (and the associated Alleluia or Tract) is the oldest of the chants of the Proper of the Mass, and, in contrast to the Introit, Offertory, and Communion, the only one that was not sung to accompany some other liturgical action, historically a procession.
The tract (Latin: tractus) is part of the proper of the Christian liturgical celebration of the Eucharist, used instead of the Alleluia in Lent or Septuagesima, in a Requiem Mass, and other penitential occasions, when the joyousness of an Alleluia is deemed inappropriate. Tracts are not, however, necessarily sorrowful.
The general structure of the Roman Rite Catholic liturgy of vespers is as follows: Vespers begins with the singing or chanting of the opening responsory consisting of the verse Deus, in adiutorium meum intende, followed by the Gloria Patri, and the Alleluia. The Alleluia is omitted during Lent.