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Dung beetle rolling a ball of dung in the Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa. Dung beetles live in many habitats, including desert, grasslands and savannas, [10] farmlands, and native and planted forests. [11] They are highly influenced by the environmental context, [2] and do not prefer extremely cold or dry weather.
These beetles are small scarab beetles, most less than 8 millimeters long. Many have small mandibles that are covered by a widened clypeus, the exoskeleton plate above the mouth. The feet are clawed. [1] This is a diverse subfamily with varied life strategies and habitat types. Many species are dung beetles, which collect and feed on animal dung.
Phanaeus vindex, also known as a rainbow scarab (like other members in its genus [1]), is a North American species of true dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae.It is found in eastern and central United States (Florida and New England to Arizona and Wyoming) and northern Mexico.
Scarabaeus satyrus is an African species of dung beetle. These beetles roll a ball of dung for some distance from where it was deposited, and bury it, excavating an underground chamber to house it. An egg is then laid in the ball, the growing larva feeding on the dung, pupating, and eventually emerging as an adult.
Phanaeus, the rainbow scarabs, [1] is a genus of true dung beetles in the family Scarabaeidae (scarab beetles), ranging from the United States to northern Argentina, with the highest species richness in Mexico. [2] [3] Depending on species, they can inhabit a wide range of habitats, from tropical to temperate climates and deserts to rainforests.
Geotrupes stercorarius is a species of earth-boring dung beetle. Its common name is the dor beetle, or, the dumbledore, [1] and is common throughout Europe. [2] The beetle is up to 2.5 cm (1 in) long. The whole beetle is weakly lustrous and darkly colored, sometimes with a bluish sheen. The body shape is very compact and arched toward the top.
Euoniticellus intermedius (also known as the Northern Sandy Dung Beetle) is a species of dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] E. intermedius is native to Southeastern Africa but has spread to the United States, Mexico, and Australia. [ 3 ]
The scarab beetle subfamily Scarabaeinae consists of species collectively called true dung beetles (there are also dung beetles in other subfamilies and families). Most of the beetles of this subfamily feed exclusively on dung. However, some may feed on decomposing matter including carrion, decaying fruits and fungi.